【摘要】 目的:试图通过测定几种人体基本动作的代谢能量和做功计算一个完整运动过程-跑的能量消耗和运动效率,进而建立一种实用、简便的测量人体运动能耗和效率的动作分解测量方法。方法:实验在西安体育学院实验中心代谢实验室进行。选择西安体育学院体育系2年级男大学生15人,佩带面罩和在负荷设备上按照规定动作要求运动。将跑分解为下肢摆动、下肢蹬起、落地和上肢的摆动动作,模拟动作有空蹬自行车、水平跳台阶;而输出功用立定跳远和垂直纵跳模拟,每种运动持续时间大约5min以内。每20s采集一次气体代谢指标,每分钟记录心率一次;运动结束后记录(或计算)机械功,并计算不同动作运动的机械效率。结果:15人全部完成测试进入结果分析。①每步的生理能耗为2584.05J。②一次蹬地过程输出的总功为589.05J。③100m全程的总运动能耗为129.2kJ。④疾跑运动效率为22.8%。⑤相对耗能率为9.16kJ/(kg·min)。⑥疾跑运动能价C为19.08kJ/(kg·km)。结论:一个完整、复杂的运动过程可以看作是由一些简单动作组成的,通过准确测量这些基本动作的能量消耗和效率,进而推测整个运动过程的能量消耗和效率。这种动作分解测量方法是可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 AIM: To attempt through determining several kinds of human bodies elementary actions of the metabolism energy and the acting to calculate the energy expenditure and the movement efficiency which a complete rate processruns,then establish one kind practical and simple calculation human body movement energy expenditure and the efficiency movement decomposition measuring technique. METHODS: The experiment was performed at the Central Metabolism Laboratory of Xi’an Institute of Physical Education. Totally 15 male university students of 2 grades of Department of Physical Education,Xi’an Institute of Physical Education were enrolled,who wore the face mask and in shoulders on the equipment according to the compulsory exercise request movement. It would run was decomposed into swings,the lower limb pedaling for the lower limb getting up,falling to the ground swings the movement with the upper limb,the simulation movement of the spatial pedal bicycle,stair experiment; But the outputs work stood broad jump and vertical jump to simulate,each kind of movement in duration approximately 5 minutes. Every 20 s gathered gas metabolism index once,recorded heart rate in each minute; After the movement had ended recorded (or computation) the mechanical work,and computated different movement mechanical efficiency. RESULTS: A total of 15 persons finished the test and entered the result analysis. ①Each step of physiological energy expenditure was 2 584.05 J. ②A pedal process output total work was 589.05 J. ③Total movement energy expenditure in 100 m entire journey was 129.2 kJ. ④The movement efficiency of quick running was 22.8%. ⑤Relatively expenditure energy rate was 9.16 kJ/kg in a minute. ⑥Kinetic energy price C of quick running was 19.08 kJ/(kg·km). CONCLUSION: The integrity,the complex rate process may regard as is composed of some simple movements,through accurately calculating the energy expenditure and the efficiency of these elementary actions,energy expenditure and efficiency in the entire rate process will be conjectured. This movement decomposition measuring technique is feasible.更多还原