【摘要】 目的:考察高等职业技术学院大学生自我和谐的特征,并进一步认识其与应对方式之间的关系。方法:于2005-11随机抽取河南省一所高等职业技术学院二年级在校学生264名为观察对象,采用自我和谐量表及简易应对方式问卷进行问卷调查,自我和谐量表包含自我与经验的不和谐、自我的灵活性、自我的刻板性3个分量表35个项目,采用5级记分制。总得分越高表示自我和谐程度越低。组别划分标准为:低于74分为低分组,75～102分为中间组,103分以上为高分组。应对方式问卷由积极应对和消极应对两个维度(分量表)组成,包括20个条目,采用4级记分。结果:发放问卷264份,收回合格问卷245份,有效率92.8%。①自我和谐量表总分平均为(87.68±13.27)分。低分组有40人,占总人数的16.3%;中间组有166人,占67.8%;高分组有39人,占15.9%。高等职业技术学院大学生在自我的灵活性上显著高于大学生常模(t=3.82,P<0.01),其他两个分量表的差异无显著性意义。②专业除对自我的刻板性得分有显著影响外(F=6.30,P<0.05),对其他各因子分和总分的影响不显著;性别对自我和谐总分以及分量表得分的影响不显著。③积极应对方式与自我的灵活性呈正相关(P<0.01),与自我与经验的不和谐和自我的刻板性呈负相关(P<0.01)。消极应对与自我与经验的不和谐,自我的刻板性和总分呈正相关(P<0.01)。④积极应对对自我的灵活性有较大的正向预测作用,对自我与经验的不和谐、自我的刻板性、自我和谐总分有负向预测作用。消极应对对自我与经验的不和谐、自我的刻板性、自我和谐总分有较大的正向预测作用,对自我的灵活性有负向预测作用。结论:采用积极应对方式有助于促进高等职业技术学院大学生的自我和谐,采用消极应对方式对其自我和谐存在不利影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 AIM: To explore self-consistency and congruence of vocational college students,and the relationship between self-consistency and congruence and coping styles. METHODS: 264 vocational college non-graduated students from Grade two of vocational college of Henan province were investigated with self consistency and congruence scale and simplified coping style questionnaire in November 2005. Self-consistency and congruence scale had 35 items and three sub-scales,which were self-experience inconsistency,self-flexibility,and self-rigidness. Five grades scoring system was introduced. The higher the score,the lower the degree of self-consistency and congruence was. Grouping dividing standards: less than 74 points represented low-score group,75-102 points as middle group and more than 103 points as high-score group. Simplified coping style questionnaire had 20 items and two dimensions (sub-scale),including positive coping style and negative coping style. Four grades scoring system was introduced. RESULTS: Totally 264 questionnaires were handed out and 245 completed filled questionnaires were taken back and the effective rate was 92.8%. ①Total mean score of self consistency and congruence scale was (87.68±13.27) points. There were 40 students in the low score group (16.3%),166 students in the medium score group (67.8%) and 39 students in the high score group (15.9%). Vocational college students had higher score of self flexibility than the national graduate norm(t=3.82,P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in other two sub-scales. ②There were significant differences of self stiffness in mayor(F=6.30,P < 0.05),while the mayor had no significant difference in scores of other factors and total score. There were no significant differences of scores of sub-scales and total score in self-consistency and congruence in gender. ③Positive coping style was positively correlated with self-flexibility (P < 0.01),and negatively with self-experience inconsistency and self-rigidness(P < 0.01). Negative coping style was positively correlated with self-experience inconsistency,self-rigidness and total score(P < 0.01). ④Positive coping style had striking positive predictable function on self-flexibility,and it had negatively predictable function on self-experience inconsistency,self-rigidness and total score. Negative coping style had striking positively predictable function on self-experience inconsistency,self-rigidness and total score,and it had negatively predictable function on self-flexibility. CONCLUSION: The use of positive copying styles has benefits to self-consistency and congruence,and the use of negative copying styles has disadvantage to self-consistency and congruence in vocational college students.更多还原