【摘要】 目的:探讨冬泳运动和游泳运动对糖尿病病情影响的差别,为糖尿病患者选择科学的健身手段提供理论依据。方法:实验于2003-03/06在华北煤炭医学院动物实验中心完成。选用雄性SD大鼠48只,随机分为正常对照组、糖尿病非运动组、糖尿病冬泳组和糖尿病游泳组,每组12只。采用腹腔注射链脲佐菌素40mg/kg的剂量制备糖尿病大鼠模型,第4天开始,对糖尿病冬泳组和糖尿病游泳组动物进行适应性运动训练,每周训练5天,水温(34±2)℃,水深50cm。糖尿病游泳组大鼠第1,2周每天游泳40min,从第3周开始每天游泳60min。糖尿病冬泳组起始运动时水温及单次运动时间与糖尿病游泳组相同,从第2天开始水温每天降低2℃,运动时间每天缩短3min,持续2周。从第3周起保持水温在(6±2)℃,时间为7min的水平,训练6周。正常对照组和糖尿病非运动组大鼠为正常笼内生活,不进行任何专门的训练。各组动物饲养条件完全相同,每周对所有实验动物检测体质量,并测量日摄水量,记录所得数据。最后一次运动训练结束24h后,所有实验动物禁食过夜,将除正常对照组以外的各组大鼠麻醉后断颈处死取血,离心、制备血清,测量血糖、胰岛素、C肽值。结果:48只大鼠全部进入结果分析。①糖尿病非运动组与正常对照组相比,大鼠日体质量增加量降低57.20%;糖尿病冬泳组、糖尿病游泳组与糖尿病非运动组比较,大鼠的日体质量增加量是65.42%和80.37%。②糖尿病非运动组大鼠的日摄水量比正常对照组增加196.32%;经过训练后,糖尿病冬泳组和糖尿病游泳组大鼠的日摄水量比糖尿病非运动组分别降低29.76%和37.13%。③与正常对照组相比,糖尿病非运动组大鼠血糖水平显著增加274.82%,胰岛素的浓度和血清C肽的浓度显著降低49.97%和37.50%,三项指标差异均非常显著,出现了典型的糖尿病症状。训练以后,与糖尿病非运动组大鼠相比,糖尿病冬泳组和糖尿病游泳组大鼠的血糖水平分别降低19.45%和22.67%,血清C肽的浓度升高15.00%和30.00%。胰岛素水平在糖尿病非运动组和糖尿病冬泳组实验动物中未出现显著性变化(P>0.05),但在糖尿病非运动组和糖尿病游泳组间存在显著性差异。④糖尿病冬泳组与糖尿病游泳组比较,除日摄水量以外,其他指标均有显著性差异。提示游泳运动在改善糖尿病大鼠的病情上效果优于冬泳运动。结论:通过对糖尿病大鼠进行冬泳和游泳训练,糖尿病冬泳组和糖尿病游泳组大鼠的病情均得到了有效控制,游泳运动在改善糖尿病大鼠的病情上效果优于冬泳运动。更多还原

【Abstract】 AIM: To explore the difference in the effect of winter swimming and swimming exercise on diabetes mellitus (DM) of rats, so as to provide theoretical evidence for the patients with DM to select scientific methods for body building. METHODS: The experiment was conducted in the animal experimental center of North China Coal Medical College from March to June 2003. A total of 48 male SD rats were selected and randomly divided into normal control group, DM non-exercise group, DM winter swimming group and DM swimming exercise group with 12 rats in each group. The rat models with DM were established by intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg streptozotocin, and from the 4th day, the winter swimming group and the swimming exercise group were given adaptive training, 5 days each week, with water at (34±2) ℃, 50 cm in depth. The rats in the swimming exercise group swam for 40 minutes at the 1st and 2nd week, and 60 minutes from the 3rd week. The initial water temperature and exercise time for each time of the winter swimming group were the same to the swimming exercise group, but from the 2nd day, the temperature was decreased 2 ℃, and the exercise time was shorten 3 minutes each day for 2 weeks. From the 3rd week, the temperature was kept at (6±2) ℃, and 7 minutes for 6 weeks; While the control group and the DM non-exercise group were not given any training. All the rats were raised under the same condition, and the body mass and consumption of drinking daily were measured each week. After 24 hours of the last training, all the rats except those in the control group were killed under anesthesia after fasting for one night to take the blood, which was centrifuged to prepare the serum, and determine the blood glucose, insulin and C-peptide value. RESULTS: All the 48 rats were involved in the result analysis. ①Compared with the control group, the increase of daily body mass of the non-exercise group was decreased 57.20%; while it increased 65.42% and 80.37%, respectively in the winter swimming and swimming exercise groups. ②The daily drinking water of the non-exercise group was increased 196.32% compared with the control group; while the daily drinking water of the water swimming and swimming exercise groups after training were decreased 29.76% and 37.13%, respectively compared with the non-exercise group. ③The blood glucose of the non-exercise group was significantly increased 274.82% compared with the control group, while the insulin and blood C-peptide decreased 49.97% and 37.50%. There were significant differences in the three indexes and the traditional DM symptoms were found. Compared with the non-exercise group, the blood glucose of the water swimming and swimming exercise groups were decreased 19.45% and 22.67%, respectively, while the blood C-peptide increased 15.00% and 30.00%, respectively. There was no obvious change of insulin in the non-exercise and water swimming groups (P > 0.05), but there were significant differences between the non-exercise and the swimming exercise groups. ④Compared with the swimming exercise group, all the other indexes except the daily drinking water of the winter swimming group had obvious differences, indicating that the effect of swimming exercise on DM was superior to the winter swimming. CONCLUSION: After winter swimming and swimming exercise, the DM in rats were controlled, and swimming exercise is more effective than winter swimming exercise.更多还原