【摘要】 目的:对从激光与生物体作用所产生的各种生物效应的角度所进行的研究加以综述,从而体现激光在医学基础研究、诊断和治疗等方面的应用。资料来源:应用计算机检索美国EBSCO全文数据库、Pubmed数据库1995-07/2005-07的文章,检索关键词为“laser,lasermedicine,medicalapplication,Doppler’seffect,laserphotodynamictherapy,FCM,LSCM”,限定文章语言种类为English,研究对象为人类。同时用计算机检索中国学术期刊全文数据库、http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn-中国数字化期刊群、维普全文数据库1998-08/2005-9期间的相关文章,检索主题词为“激光、医学应用、多普勒效应、光动力学疗法、激光流式细胞术、激光扫描共聚聚焦显微镜、激光理疗”,限定文章语言种类为中文。另外,还手工查阅了胡新珉《医学物理学》,朱菁《激光医学》等相关内容。资料选择:纳入标准:①有关激光医学基础方面的研究。②有关激光诊断和治疗方面的研究。排除标准:①较陈旧的文献。②重复研究。③综述文献。资料提炼:共收集到152篇有关的文章,排除重复或类似的同一研究,22篇符合研究要求。资料综合:①激光生物效应:研究发现,激光作用于生物体会产生物理、化学或生物学的效应。激光正是通过这些效应来达到医学基础研究、诊断和治疗疾病的目的。②激光诊断技术:激光诊断具有灵敏、快速、准确等特点,为诊断学向非侵入性、微量化、自动化及实施快速方向发展开辟了新途径。③激光治疗技术:研究发现,激光治疗的适应症现在已经涉及到临床所有各科。大体可分为激光手术治疗、激光非手术治疗和激光光敏治疗3类。此外,激光在医学上的应用还有很多方面,它对基因工程和细胞工程都有着重要的意义。结论:激光技术既是能量载体,又是信息载体。作为能量载体,激光可用于疾病治疗,作为信息载体,它又可用于疾病诊断,二者的结合构成了激光医学。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE: To research and review studies based on the biological effects of laser on organisms and show the applications of laser in research of fundamental medicine, diagnosis and treatment, etc. DATA SOURCES: A search of EBSCO and Pubmed databases by means of computers was conducted with the key terms of "laser, laser medicine,medical application, Doppler’s effect, laser photodynamic therapy,FCM and LSCM" to identify studies on human beings which were published in English between July 1995 and July 2005. Meanwhile, we also searched Chinese Journal Full-text Database (CJFD), http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn-Chinese digitalized journal groups, VIP Information Database for articles in Chinese with the key terms of "laser, medical application, Doppler’s effect, photodynamic therapy, laser flow cytometry, laser scanning confocal microscopy and laser physicotherapy" for articles published in Chinese from August 1998 to September 2005. In addition, manual reference checks of "Medical Physics" by Hu Xinmin and "Laser Medicine" by Zhu Jing, and so on. STUDY SELECTION: Inclusive criteria: ①studies related to the basis of laser medicine; ②studies related to diagnosis and treatment with laser. Exclusive criteria: ①relatively old literature; ② repetitive studies, and ③review literature. DATA EXTRACTION: Out of 152 articles collected, 22 were in accordance with the study standards after exclusion of the repetitive or similar studies. DATA SYNTHESIS: ①Biological effects of laser: Studies had shown that laser could produce physical, chemical or biological effects on organisms. It was through these effects that laser could help reach the aims of research of fundamental medicine, diagnosis and treatment. ②Diagnosis with laser: The laser technique was more sensitive, faster and more accurate, which opened a new way in the direction of non-invasive, micro, automatic and speed diagnoses. ③Treatment with laser: Studies had demonstrated that laser could be used for indications involving all the clinic departments. This technique could be divided into three categories: surgery treatment with laser, non-surgery treatment with laser and photosensitive treatment with laser. Besides, the application of laser in medicine was in many aspects, and it also had important significance in genetic engineering and cell engineering. CONCLUSION: The laser technique is not only carrier of energy, but also carrier of information. As the carrier of energy, the laser can be used in the treatment of disease; as the carrier of information, it can be used in the diagnosis of disease. The combination of the two forms laser medicine.更多还原