【摘要】 目的:调查不同性别及年龄段大学教职工和成年家属颈椎病的患病情况,分析其可能的致病因素及生物力学发病机制。方法:于2002-01/02对广东省佛山市3所大学共4785名教职工和家属颈椎病患病情况进行流行病学调查。被调查者每人发调查表1份,表中详细列出颈椎病的症状、体征及患病期,根据收回的表格筛选出可疑颈椎病患者。对有可疑症状者进行系统问诊和相关体格检查。症状、体征阳性者,全部摄颈椎动力位X射线片,261名患者加作颈椎MRI,54名患者加作MRA以观察脊髓和椎动脉情况。严格按1992年全国颈椎病专题会议所订诊断标准确诊颈椎病患者。分析不同性别各年龄组颈椎病患病情况和可能的致病因素及生物力学发病机制。进行3年随访,观察颈椎病的治疗与转归情况。结果:参与调查者4785名全部进入了结果分析,确诊的516名颈椎病患者在3年随访中有1名死于肝癌。①确诊颈椎病患者516名,总患病率为10.78%,女性患病率12.54%,男性9.38%;患者年龄为26～85岁,平均患病年龄53岁,年龄大于40岁的患者共447名,其中有153名“最初症状”出现在30～40岁年龄段,占34.23%(153/447)。②颈椎病以颈型和神经根型为主,分别占58%和36%;脊髓型与其他型颈椎病占6%。③连续3年随访约有3%(15/516)的颈椎病患者非手术治疗无效,病情迁延难愈,严重者导致神经根或/和脊髓功能损害,甚至瘫痪,须及时进行手术治疗。结论:颈椎病已是大学教职工的常见病之一,长期屈颈低头位或颈部固定姿势工作是发病的重要因素之一,颈椎病的发生与椎间盘所受的应力增加有关,应重视并加强对颈椎病的早期综合防治。更多还原

【Abstract】 AIM: To investigate the incidence of the cervical spondylosis of staffs and their adult family numbers in different genders and ages in universities, and analyze its possible etiological factors and biomechanics nosogenesis . METHODS: 4 785 staffs and family members from 3 universities were studied in epidemiological survey from January to February 2002 in Foshan city, Guangdong province. Each quizzer got one questionnaire. The symptom, physical sign and phase of sick of cervical syndrome were listed. According to the feedback, people that are suspected with cervical spondylosis were inquired and sent to be checked and taken cervical spine dynamic X-ray in patients with positive symptom and physical sign, in which there were 261 cases taken MRI and 54 cases taken MRA to observe their spine cord and vertebral artery. The diagnoses standard was criteria of special conference summary of cervical spondylosis (1992 China). To investigate the incidence of the cervical spondylosis of staffs and their adult family numbers in different genders and ages and analyze its possible factors and biomechanics nosogenesis. The study has been followed up for 3 years in order to make observations about the recovery under the therapy. RESULTS: Totally 4 785 testees were involved in the result analysis. 516 staffs were diagnosed with cervical spondylosis, and one of them died of liver cancer during follow-up. ①The incidence of cervical spondylosis was 10.78%, in which male 9.38% and female 12.54%. The age of the patients ranged from 26 to 85 and its mean value was 53. There were 447 cases over 40 years old. The most beginning symptoms of the disease appeared during the age of 30 to 40 in 153 cases, which was 34.32% of the whole group (153/447). ②The cervical and radiculopathy of cervical syndrome were 58% and 36%, respectively. Cervical spondylotic myelopathy and oth0er types were 6% totally. ③Surgical treatment was inefficiency in 3% 15/516 cases for 3-year follow-up, and the state was difficult to cure. Those severities resulted in the functional lesion of nerve root or/and spine, even paralysis, so timely operation was needed. CONCLUSION: The cervical spondylosis has been one of common diseases in staffs in university; the lower head position bending neck for a long period of time was one of its most significant causes. Cervical spondylosis is related with the increasing in the stress of intervertebral disk. Active measures should be emphasized to prevent and cure the disease early and comprehensively.更多还原