【摘要】 目的:观察不同来源、不同体育运动量师范生的心理健康状态,为提高师范生心理健康水平提供依据。方法:于2003-09/2005-06在河北师范大学、廊坊师范学院、唐山师范学院本科(师范类)中随机抽取城市学生297人、乡村学生297人;其中男生226人,女生368人;平均年龄(20.65±1.08)岁。利用简式《心境状态剖面图》(包括5种消极情绪:紧张、愤怒、疲劳、抑郁、慌乱;2种积极情绪:精力、自尊感)和运动力量等级量表(记分方法为:运动量=强度×时间×频率,每个方面各分为5个等级,强度与频率从1～15等级分别记1～5分,时间从1～5等级分别记0～4分,运动量制定标准如下:小运动量≤19分;中等运动量为20～42分;大运动量≥43分),对师范类学生的心理健康及其与体育锻炼的关系进行调查。结果:所获得的594份问卷的数据均进入结果分析。利用简式《心境状态剖面图》的调查结果表明,在全体受测者中,①有21%～29%的受测者,处于消极情绪分量表高分段,呈现紧张、愤怒、疲劳、抑郁和慌乱,尤其在抑郁和慌乱两个方面,分别达到29.8%和28.1%。有29%和33.7%的受测者处于积极情绪分量表的低分段,在精力和自尊感上较差。②乡村学生消极情绪分量表总分平均分(249.2分)高于城市学生(241.7分),差异具有显著性(t=1.94,P=0.0499)。③小运动量组受测者的消极情绪纷乱分及各消极情绪分量表得分更高,积极情绪分量表得分更低,与中等和大运动量组比较,差异具有很显著意义(P<0.01)。中等运动量组受测者在紧张分上较大运动量组低,达显著水平。结论:①较高比例的师范生存在着不同程度的紧张、愤怒、疲劳、抑郁和慌乱,以及精力和自尊感较差。②体育锻炼能够有效地降低学生的紧张、愤怒、疲劳、抑郁和慌乱,提高学生的自尊感。③乡村学生整体的心理健康状况较城市学生差,运动中等到较大的运动量具有更好地心理健康效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 AIM: To observe mental healthy status of students from various sources and with various quantities of sports, and provide evidence for increasing mental healthy levels of students from normal colleges. METHODS: Totally 297 urban students and 297 rural students were selected randomly from Hebei Normal University, Langfang Normal College and Tangshan Normal College from September 2003 to June 2005. There were 226 males and 368 females with the mean age of (20.65±1.08) years. Relationship between mental healthy status and physical training of students were surveyed with Mood Appearance Profile Map (including 5 kinds of negative moods: tension, anger, fatigue, depression and fluster; 2 kinds of active moods: vigor and self-respect) and Sport Power Grade Quantity Form (scoring method: Sport quantity= strength × time × frequency; each aspect was divided into five grades; 1-15 grades of strength and frequencies were recorded 1-5 points respectively, and 1-5 grades of time was recorded 0-4 points respectively. Criteria of sport quantity: low sport quantity ≤ 19 points; moderate sport quantity from 20 to 42 points; high sport quantity ≥ 43 points). RESULTS: Totally 594 questionnaires entered the final analysis. Results of The Mood Appearance Profile Map showed that: ① 21%-29% cases had high points in negative mood, and characterized by tension, anger, fatigue, depression and fluster, especially by depression (29.8%) and fluster (28.1%). 29% -33.7% cases had low points in active mood, and characterized by poor vigor and self-respect. ② Average of negative mood scale of rural students was 249.2 points, which was higher than that of urban students (241.7 points); and there was significant difference (t=1.94, P=0.049 9). ③ Scores of negative mood especially on fluster was the highest and scores of active mood was the lowest in low sport quantity group. There was significant difference as compared with those in moderate and high sport quantity groups (P < 0.01). Scores of tension of cases in moderate sport quantity group were obviously lower than those of cases in high sport quantity. CONCLUSION: ① Various degrees of tension, anger, fatigue, depression and fluster, and poor vigor and self-respect are observed in students from normal colleges with a high percentage. ② Physical training can relieve sense such as tension, anger, fatigue, depression and fluster and improve self-respecct feeling. ③ Mental healthy status of rural students is poorer than that of urban students. Moderate and high sport quantities have good effect on mental health.更多还原