【摘要】 长期以来,人们认为细胞骨架仅为真核生物所特有的结构,但近年来的研究发现它也存在于细菌等原核生物中。目前已经在细菌中发现的FtsZ、MreB和CreS依次与真核细胞骨架蛋白中的微管蛋白、肌动蛋白丝及中间丝类似。FtsZ能在细胞分裂位点装配形成Z环结构,并通过该结构参与细胞分裂的调控;MreB能形成螺旋丝状结构,其主要功能有维持细胞形态、调控染色体分离等;CreS存在于新月柄杆菌中,它在细胞凹面的细胞膜下面形成弯曲丝状或螺旋丝状结构,该结构对维持新月柄杆菌细胞的形态具有重要作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 It was discovered recently that prokaryotes,such as bacteria,possess a cytoskeleton,which haschallenged our previous perception of the cytoskeleton as a hallmark of eukaryotic cells.It has been found inbacteria that FtsZ,MreB,CreS,as the bacterial cytoskeletal proteins,were homologous to the three primary eukary-otic cytoskeletal proteins,tubulin,actin filament and intermediate filament,respectively.FtsZ,the major bacterialcell division determinant,forms Z-ring structure that localized in the midcell division site.MreB forms helical fila-mentous structure underneath the cell membrane,and is important for the maintenance of rod cell shape and for thesegregation of chromosomes.CreS,which is found in Caulobacter crescentus,forms a helical structure that colocalizedwith the inner cell curvatures beneath the cytoplasmic membrane.Moreover,the subcellular localization of the CreShelical structure is important for causing cell curvature or helix.更多还原