【摘要】 目的研究健康SD大鼠动眼神经颅内段的显微解剖特征,建立大鼠动眼神经损伤及再生研究的动物模型,为相关实验提供造模方法。方法选用健康雄性SD大鼠30只,经右侧颞底入路,显微手术解剖、暴露动眼神经海绵窦段或海绵窦后段,行动眼神经切断并通过动眼神经功能测定,研究手术入路和应用解剖以及降低动物死亡率和减少并发症的方法。结果显微镜下可见动眼神经在岩尖部紧邻三叉神经半月节内侧进入海绵窦。在中颅底,动眼神经、外展神经和三叉神经位于海绵窦硬膜下方。动眼神经在海绵窦内位于三叉神经眼支内侧,其内下方是外展神经。全部实验步骤均能被SD大鼠耐受,所有存活鼠术后均生存良好,无感染和角膜溃疡等并发症,除动眼神经损伤所致的瞳孔完全散大和眼球运动障碍之外,无其它神经功能障碍征象。结论应用该方法建立的鼠动眼神经损伤及再生的动物模型,可方便、安全地暴露鼠颅内段动眼神经,以备各种实验干预,动物死亡率低,并发症少,并可应用于三叉神经、外展神经和视神经等颅神经再生的实验研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the anatomic aspects of intracranial part of oculomotor nerve;to establish animal model for research of regeneration and functional recovery of oculomotor nerve.Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent craniotomy and microsurgery through right subtemporal approach and then cavernous sinus part and post cavernous sinus part of oculomotor nerve were exposed clearly.Results On emerging from the brain,the oculomotor nerve was invested with a sheath of pia mater,and enclosed in a prolongation from arachnoid.It passed between the superior cerebellar and posterior cerebral arteries,and then pierced the dura mater in front of and lateral to the posterior clinoid process,passing between the free and attached borders of tentorium cerebelli.Compared with other two cranial nerves,oculomotor nerve was thinner than trigeminal nerve and was thicker than abducent nerve.There was no infection and other complications and all rats survived.Except for paralysis of eye movement,paralysis of other cranial nerves did not exist.Conclusion It can be beneficial for study of regeneration of oculomotor nerves to establish animal model through above methods.更多还原