【摘要】 采用长链季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂对钠基蒙脱土进行化学修饰,制得有机蒙脱土,采用红外(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和热重分析(TGA)等手段,对有机化蒙脱土的结构进行表征.实验结果表明,长链季铵盐通过离子交换反应可有效修饰蒙脱土,有机阳离子置换掉蒙脱土层间的金属阳离子.蒙脱土经插层处理后,其晶层间距都比原始蒙脱土的层间距有所增加.由于有机阳离子体积较大,从而将蒙脱土片层撑开,层间距增大,减弱了蒙脱土片层间的静电吸引力和化学键合力,改善层间微环境,使粘土内外表面由亲水性转变为疏水性,降低硅酸盐表面能,有利于聚合物插入层间.更多还原

【Abstract】 Polypropylene(PP)/montmorillonites(MMT) nanocomposites are applied in industrial production due to its improved properties.Chemical modification of MMT is a key technique in the manufacture of polymer nanocomposites.This investigation concentrated on the preparation of organic montmorillonites through a way of treatment of Na-montmorillonites using several long-chain alky1 quaternary ammonium ions.The result MMT were characterized by FT-IR、XRD and TGA, etc.The results indicated that alkyl ammonium ions had been intercalated into the layered silicate of org-MMT.The layer spacing of MMT modified by hexadecy1 trimethy1 ammonium(HTAB) was increased most effectively.The structural changes in MMT layers formed a nanometer yardstick providing sufficient intercalation, resulting in good mechanical properties and improved crystallization behavior.更多还原