【摘要】 目的探讨季节变化对儿童血铅水平的影响。方法采用阳极溶出伏安法对健康查体儿童进行血铅检测,将入组儿童分婴幼儿组(1个月~3岁)、学龄前组(3~6岁)、学龄组(6~12岁)和青少年组(12~18岁),分析不同季节儿童血铅水平及铅中毒状况。结果共检测儿童13 233例。年龄1个月~18岁;男8315例,女4918例。平均血铅质量浓度60μg/L,第5和第95百分位数为19、138μg/L,儿童铅中毒检出率为14.8%,检出率随年龄增长而上升,以轻度铅中毒为主(χ2=116.3125 P<0.0001)。按照冬、春、秋、夏季顺序,血铅质量浓度分别为48、60、61、66μg/L;铅中毒检出率分别为9.5%、12.6%、15.5%、18.4%。夏、秋季节儿童铅质量浓度及铅中毒检出率有明显季节差异(χ2=128.0371 P<0.0001),多元Logistic回归结果分析显示男童、年龄越大越易发生铅中毒,秋、春、夏季发生铅中毒危险性较冬季大。结论儿童血铅水平与季节有关。北京地区秋季儿童铅中毒危险性最大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore effects of seasonal variation on blood lead in children.Methods Anodic stripping voltammetry（ASV） was used to detect blood lead level in children.The enrolled children were divided into 4 groups as follows:young children（ages 1 month to 3 years）;preschool（ages 3 to 6 years）;school（ages 6 to 12 years）;teenagers（ages 12 to 18 years）,and children′s blood lead level and lead poisoning rates were analyzed in the light of seasonality.Results Total 13 233 children were observed,aged from 1 month to 18 years old,8315 males,4918 females.The average blood lead levels were 60 μg/L,the 5^th and 95^th percentage was 19,138 μg/L.The rate of lead poisoning in children was 14.8%,with the majority of low-grade（χ²=116.3125 P<0.0001）.The blood lead levels in winter,spring,autumn,summer were 48,60,61,66 μg/L and the rates of children lead poisoning were 9.5%,12.6%,15.5%,18.4%,respectively.The rates in summer and autumn were significantly higher than those in spring and winter（χ²=128.0371 P<0.0001）.Logistic results indicates that male and older age were vulnerable to lead poisoning.More lead poisoning occurred in autumn,summer and spring than winter.Conclusions Lead level in children′s blood is relative to seasonality.Children are at high risk of lead poisoning in autumn in Beijing area.更多还原