【摘要】 观测了西双版纳山地气候,建立了山地雨林生物量回归方程,调查了海拔1 100~1 820 m范围5块样地(面积0.16~0.25 hm2)的热带山地雨林生物量。结果表明,海拔1 105和1 610 m的年平均温度分别为20.1和16.6℃,年降雨量分别为1 659和2 011 mm,旱季(11~4月)降雨量分别为295和283mm,年平均相对湿度分别为81%和84%;5块样地生物量变化为256.4~368.6 t.hm-2,平均为312.6t.hm-2,其中乔木占97.1%、木质藤本占1.2%、幼树和灌木占1.3%、草本和幼苗占0.4%;采用热带季节雨林生物量回归方程估计山地雨林生物量,会使得总生物量以及树干和树根生物量高估38.3%~61.5%,树枝生物量低估7.6%~30.8%。可见,西双版纳山地海拔增加导致雨季降雨量增加,山地雨林生物量较热带季节雨林降低32.6%,季节雨林生物量方程不适用于山地雨林。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper observed the tropical montane climate in Xishuangbanna of Southwest China,investigated the biomass of tropical montane rain forest in 5 plots（0.16～0.25 hm²） at the altitude of（1 100）～（1 820 m） there,built the biomass regression equation and estimated the biomass of montane rain forest,and compared the results derived from the biomass regression equations of the tropical seasonal rain forest distributed at lower area and the montane rain forest.At the two altitudes of（1 105） and（1 610 m）,the average annual temperature was 20.1 and 16.6 ℃,annual relative humidity was 81% and 84%,average annual rainfall was （1 659） and（2 011 mm）,and the rainfall in dry season（from November to next April） was 295 and 283 mm,respectively.In the 5 plots,the biomass ranged from 256.4 to 368.6 t·hm^-2,with a mean of 312.6 t·hm².The biomass of tree layer accounted for 97.1% of the total,and that of shrub,woody liana,and herb layers accounted for 1.3%,1.2% and 0.4%,respectively.Using the biomass regression equation of the tropical seasonal rain forest to estimate the biomass of montane rain forest would make the total biomass and the biomass of stem and root overestimated by 38.3%～61.5%,respectively,and make the branch biomass underestimated by 7.6%～30.8%.The results suggested that in the tropical montane rain forest in Xishuangbanna,the rainfall mostly occurred in rain season was increased with increasing altitude.The biomass of tropical montane rain forest was 32.6% lower than that of tropical seasonal rain forest,and the biomass regression equation derived from tropical seasonal rain forest was not suitable to the estimation of the biomass of tropical montane rain forest.更多还原