【摘要】 温敏核不育水稻籼S是从优质常规稻籼黄占自然突变而来的一个无花粉型光温敏核不育种质资源。在广州(23°08′N)自然条件下,一年中具有明显的“可育-不育-可育”的育性转换,5月初至10月底为稳定不育期。在人控光温条件下,低温诱导其由不育转为可育需要较长的持续时间,日均温21℃需7d以上,23.5℃需15d以上。细胞学观察表明其无花粉败育主要是由减数分裂时期的异常引起的,表现为小孢子母细胞粘连与液泡化、减数分裂受阻于前期Ⅰ的细线期、进行无丝分裂与异常的胞质分裂,始终没有正常四分体的形成,而是产生大小不同、核数不等的异常细胞,并最终解体消失。其花粉败育特点不同于以往研究过的光温敏核不育水稻,具有花粉败育时期早而败育彻底的特点。更多还原

【Abstract】 XianS,a new thermosensitive genic male sterile(TGMS)line of non-pollen type in rice,was obtained from a spontaneous mutant of Xianhuangzhan,a good quality indica variety.The pollen fertility in XianS was mainly determined by temperature.In Guangzhou(23°08′N),XianS had pollen sterility in early May to late October.Under controlled conditions,XianS only had <5% stainable pollens under 21℃(day mean temperature) for 7d or 23.5℃(day mean temperature) for 15d,and showed complete pollen sterility when daily mean temperature was high than 24℃.Therefore,the male sterility of XianS was stable,and was safe to produce two line hybrid rice.Cytological observations of XianS at various developmental stages indicated that the pollen abortion mainly occurred at meiosis stage.The microsporocyte became vacuolate and agglutinate,arrested meiotic division at the leptotene stage of meiosis,underwent amitosis and abnormal cytokinesis,and failed to give rise to normal tetrad,but formed different size cells with variable numbers of nuclei.These abnormal cells disappeared eventually due to vacuolization or protoplasm degeneration,resulting in no pollen in the mature anthers.The pattern of pollen abortion in XianS was different from all of the PTGMS rice reported.更多还原