【摘要】 通过向水中添加不同浓度的铜(Cu2+),观察其对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)Ⅰ期幼蟹(0.020±0.01g)和12月龄扣蟹(3.34±0.26 g)的毒性影响。Cu2+对Ⅰ期幼蟹24,48,72和96h的半致死浓度(LC50)分别为0.70,0.43,0.33和0.22 mg/L,而对12月龄扣蟹相应的LC50分别是18.20,10.23,9.12和8.51mg/L。中华绒螯蟹Ⅰ期幼蟹在0.00,0.01,0.02,0.03,0.05和0.08mg/L Cu2+的水环境中的蜕皮率、增重率和存活率的比较研究结果表明,虽然各浓度组存活率均高于50%,但其随着Cu2+浓度的增高而降低。增重率和蜕皮率的变化趋势与存活率相似。此外,研究了中华绒螯蟹12月龄扣蟹在0.00,0.01,0.05,0.10,0.50,1.00和2.50 mg/L Cu2+的水环境中蜕皮率、增重率和存活率的变化。结果显示,各组存活率均高于50%,除0.01mg/L处理组的存活率略高于对照组外,总的变化趋势是随着Cu2+浓度的增高而降低。增重率和蜕皮率随着Cu2+浓度的增高,总的变化趋势亦逐渐降低。相关性分析表明,中华绒螯蟹Ⅰ期幼蟹和12月龄扣蟹的生长、蜕皮和存活与水中添加Cu2+的浓度增加有极显著的负相关(P<0.01)。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of water-borne Cu²⁺on the molting rate,the weight gain and the survival rate of Ⅰ stage juvenile（0.020±0.01 g） and 12-month-old（3.34±0.26 g）Eriocheir sinensis were studied.The 24-,48-,72 and 96-h LC₅₀s of Cu²⁺on juvenile E.sinensis were 0.70,0.43,0.33 and 0.22mg/L,respectively.Those on the 12-month-old E.sinensis were 18.20,10.23,9.12 and 8.51mg/L,respectively.All the LC₅₀s obtained in 12-month-old E.sinensis were higher than those in the juvenile animals.The LC₅₀s decreased in accordance with the increase of copper exposure time in both stages of E.sinensis.Effects of different levels of water-borne Cu²⁺（0.00,0.01,0.02,0.03.0.05,0.80mg/L）on the molting rate,weight gain and survival rate of Ⅰ stage juvenile were determined.The results showed that after 11 days of Cu exposure,the survival rate for the juveniles were all above 50%,and it decreased in accordance with the increase of Cu²⁺level.The highest survival rate（92.50%） was found in the control group,while the lowest（57.50%） was found in the 0.08mg/L Cu²⁺treated group.There was no significant difference in the survival rate between the control group and 0.01,0.02 mg/L Cu²⁺ treated groups.In contrast,those treated with 0.03mg/L Cu²⁺ or higher concentration were significantly different with the controls.The weight gain decreased in accordance with the increase of water-borne Cu²⁺level.The highest weight gain（228.43%） found in the control group,while the lowest gain（68.50%） was detected in 0.08mg/L Cu²⁺ treated group.There was a significant difference between the 0.08 mg/L copper treated group and the control group（P<0.05）.However,there was no difference among all other treated groups.There was the highest molting rate（140.00%） in control group and the lowest（87.50%） in 0.08 mg/L Cu²⁺ treated group.It should be noted that even in the 0.01 mg/L treated group copper had a significant inhibition（P<0.05） on molting rate of E.sinensis.In 12-month-old E.sinensis when treated with water-borne Cu²⁺level of 0.00,0.01,0.05,0.10,0.50,1.00 and（2.50mg/L） for 50 days,respectively,the survival rates of these animals fluctuated between 57.50% and 92.50% and generally decreased in accordance with the increase of water-borne Cu²⁺levels.Except in 0.01mg/L Cu²⁺ treated group,there was a significant difference of the survival rate in all Cu²⁺ treated group with the controls（P<0.05）.The lowest survival rate（50.00%） presented in 2.50（mg/L） copper treated group.The weight gain fluctuated with the increase of Cu²⁺ levels;however,it generally decreased in accordance with the increase of water-borne copper concentrations.The highest weight gain（177.00%）was in control group,while the lowest weight gain（16.38%） was in 2.5 mg/L Cu²⁺ treated group.Similar variation tendencies were observed on molting rate.It decreased in accordance with the increase of copper level,with the highest molting rate（165.00%） in control group and the lowest value（45%） in 1.00 mg/L and 2.50 mg/L copper treated group.There was a significant difference（P<0.05） between the control group and the 0.5 mg/L Cu²⁺ or higher treated groups.The correlation coefficients between water-borne copper concentration and the survival weight gain,and molting rate in juvenile E.sinensis was-0.953,-0.852 and-0.911,respectively;and those in 12-month-old E.sinensis was-0.842,-0.646 and-0.802,respectively,suggesting a significantly negative correlation（Pearson correlation test P<0.01） between the water-born copper concentration and these rates of E.sinensis.更多还原