【摘要】 本文研究了鲨鱼、鲢鱼、草鱼和罗非鱼鱼骨胶原蛋白的纯化方法并对其特性进行了初步研究。SDS-PAGE电泳结果表明,所提取的四种胶原蛋白纯度均较高,相比之下,鲨鱼骨胶原蛋白纯度最高。通过蛋白酶解研究发现,四种鱼鱼骨胶原蛋白均可被胰蛋白酶和蛋白酶K水解,水解产物分子量大小各异,成分复杂。酶解蛋白图谱结果表明,不同鱼种鱼骨胶原蛋白酶解后的电泳图谱有一定差异。鱼品种越接近,提取的骨胶原蛋白酶解后的电泳图谱差异越小;反之,鱼品种差异越大,骨胶原蛋白酶解后的电泳图谱差异也越大。氨基酸组成分析表明,鲨鱼和鲢鱼骨胶原蛋白中,甘氨酸含量最丰富,依次是丙氨酸、谷氨酸和精氨酸。更多还原

【Abstract】 Collagens are attracting attentions recently because of their unique characteristics. Until now the main sources of industrial collagen are limited to those from skin and bone of land animals such as bovine and porcine. However,these animals may have the risk of infection of BSE (boving spongiform encephalopathy) or FMD (foot and mouth disease). Actually,a large amount of collagen exists in the wastes of aquatic animals such as in fish skin and bone and most importantly such collagens have biological safety. Therefore,studies on collagens from fish bone will deliver essential research data for collagen utilization. In this paper,the extraction and purification of bone collagens from four species of fish,including shark,silver carp,grass carp and tilapia were studied. The extraction and purification were carried out by a series of steps involving removing non-collagenous proteins with 0.1mol/L sodium hydroxide,decalcifing with 0.5mol/L EDTA,removing fat with 10% iso-propanol,extracting collagen with 0.5mol/L acetic acid and salting out with sodium chloride. SDS-PAGE revealed that extracted collagens were of high purity and the purity of shark bone collagen was the highest. All four bone collagens could be degraded at 37℃ by porcine trypsin and at 50℃ by proteinase K. The result showed that the method of enzymatic degradation adopted were effective and the hydrolyzed products were of different molecular weights. Peptide mapping analysis revealed that bone collagen from one fish specie was different from that of bone collagens from other fish species. More distant the fish species were,more different the peptide maps were. Amino acid composition analysis revealed that glycine was the most abundant amino acid residue in both shark and silver carp bone collagens,with alanine the second,glutamic acid the third and arginine the fourth.更多还原