【摘要】 影响一个国家外交政策的国际因素和国内因素只有经过实际的外交决策过程,才能产生最终的外交政策结果。对外交决策过程的分析主要有以下几种微观模式:对决策者认知和个性研究的模式、小集团思维模式、组织过程模式和官僚政治模式等。但是,这些模式存在信息的不充分性、应用的普遍性以及解释力的不完备性等不足。针对这些问题,对外交决策过程的研究需要根据不同的研究对象选择不同的外交决策模式,如基于外交决策所涉及问题的性质的分析思路、基于最高决策者的分析思路和基于决策单位的分析思路等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Only through the process of decision-making can international and domestic factors exert an influence on foreign policy.Micro-models that can be used to analyze the foreign policy decision-making process include cognition and personality studies of the decision makers,groupthink studies,and studies of organizational processes and bureaucratic politics.However,these models are weak in terms of the adequacy of information,the universality of application,and the comprehensiveness of their explanations.Thus,in studies of the foreign policy decision-making process,the above models should be selected based on the nature of the foreign policy decision making,the personalities of the supreme decision-makers,and the foreign policy decision-making units of the country involved.更多还原