【摘要】 胆固醇在生物体内发挥着极其重要的作用。细胞主要通过调节胆固醇的合成、吸收、酯化及外流等途径之间的平衡以维持正常的胆固醇浓度。本文介绍甾醇调控元件结合蛋白(SREBP,Sterolregulatoryelement-bindingproteins)转录因子对胆固醇平衡的调控。SREBP主要调节胆固醇的合成、LDL受体介导的胆固醇的吸收和脂肪酸的合成。SREBP前体是一内质网膜蛋白,SREBP经两次蛋白酶水解后释放出其N端结构域,进入细胞核,激活靶基因的转录。随着对SREBP领域研究的深入,人们对胆固醇平衡调节将认识更多,并有可能开发出更为有效的控制胆固醇的药物。更多还原

【Abstract】 Acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) plays an important role in organisms. Cells can maintain a normal cholesterol level by regulating the synthesis, absorption, esterification and transportation of cholesterol. In this paper we mainly introduced the effect of transcription factor SREBP on cholesterol homeostasis regulation. SREBPs are a family of membrane-bound transcription factors that control the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids in animal cells. SREBP precursors are membrane proteins , they are inserted into membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in a hairpin fashion. SREBP precursors exit the ER and transit to the Golgi apparatus, where two distinct proteases cleave the SREBP precursor to release the transcriptional active N-terminus.With the study of SREBP,people’s knowledge on cholesterol homeostasis regulation will promote the developing of cholesterol-controlling drugs.更多还原