【摘要】 将自测的我国蜘蛛目狼蛛科4属6个种和从互联网GenBank中检索到相关物种的线粒体基因组12SrDNA的序列进行同源性比较,计算核苷酸使用频率。然后据此进行分子分析,利用2个外群(漏斗蛛科的机敏漏斗蛛Agelena difficilis和缘漏斗蛛Agelena limbat)和2种建树方法(邻近法Neighbour Joining,NJ和最大简约法Maximum Parsimony,MP)分析我国狼蛛科内的亲缘关系。获得平均为291.6 bp的序列中,A+T平均含量为78.13%,而G+C含量只要21.87%,颠换取代(tranversion)的速度多数大于或接近转换取代(transition)的速度,其中161个核苷酸位点存在变异。研究结果表明:在蜘蛛目狼蛛科有差异的161 bp中,属内种间仅为1.08%,狼蛛科属间为6.85%~14.80%。所构建的分子系统树表明:科内的属和属内的种均优先聚在一起;狼蛛科现行分类系统中各亚科的演化关系顺序为:马蛛亚科→狼蛛亚科→豹蛛亚科;狼蛛科各属的演化关系顺序为:水狼蛛属→马蛛属(或水狼蛛属和马蛛属)→獾蛛属→狼蛛属→豹蛛属;水狼蛛属为最早分出的一支或者水狼蛛属和马蛛属最先聚为一族,二者关系较近,是较为原始的类群,同为马蛛亚科。与传统的分类观点明显差别。所研究的豹蛛属的4个种在两种构树方法(NJ法和MP法)下所获得的分子系统树中均优先聚在一起,是较进化的类群。与传统形态分类结果一致。对于狼蛛亚科中的獾蛛属和狼蛛属,本研究认为狼蛛属是比獾蛛属更为进化的一个类群。与传统形态分类研究明显不同。更多还原

【Abstract】 A comparison of the homologous DNA-sequences of our 6 species(belonging to 4 genera of the family Lycosidae) to 2 relative Chinese species of Lycosidae from GenBank is depicted based on analysis of the 12S rDNA in this paper.The used frequency of nucleotide was calculated and 2 molecular phylogenetic trees constructed by Mega 2.0 and PAUP microsofts respectively.The evolutionary relationships of our 6 species wolf spiders were investigated by comparing the using two different analysed methods(Neighbor-Joining,NJ;and Maximum Parsimony,MP) and two different outgroups.In the mean 291.6 bp fragments of mitochondial 12S rDNA,A+T was about 78.13% and G+C only 21.87%.The sequence data revealed considerable variation in 161 nucleotide sites among the analyzed individuals from 5 different genera.The most variation rate of transversion was larger than or approached to that of transition.The results showed that the ranges of the 12S rDNA nucleotide divergence within species,among species of a genus and among genera of a family were 1.08% and 6.85%～14.80% respectively.The members of the same genus and family were grouped together.The phylogenetic relationship of 3 subfamilies Lycosinae was: Hippasinae→Lycosinae→Pardosinae.The phylogenetic relationship of 5 genera of Lycosidae was: Pirata→Hippasa(or Pirata and Hippasa)→Trochosa→Lycosa→Pardosa.Pirata was divided firstly,or Pirata and Hippasa were grouped together firstly as a subfamily(Hippasinae),which differs from the recent taxonomy distinctly.The 4 examined species of Pardosa was grouped together between two methods of phylogenetic analysis(NJ and MP),which is the most evolutive group,as same as recent taxonomy.Lycosa was more evolutive than did Trochosa,as reverse as recent taxonomy.更多还原