【摘要】 目的了解晋江市2001年~2005年5岁以下儿童死亡监测情况,为政府部门制定妇幼保健决策提供依据。方法采用抽样调查的方法,对各乡镇的儿童进行死亡监测,并对2001年~2005年间5岁以下儿童死亡资料进行回顾性分析。结果2001年~2005年5岁以下儿童死亡654/49 305例,平均死亡率为13.20‰,其中:2001年(15.77‰)与2005年(11.59‰)同期比较下降了4.18个千分点;婴儿死亡率2001年为13.9‰,2005年为9.45‰,同期下降了4.45个千分点;新生儿死亡率2001年为9.96‰、2005年新生儿死亡率6.70‰,下降了3.26个千分点。5年间我市5岁以下儿童死亡率中新生儿死亡率、婴儿死亡率均呈逐年下降趋势。儿童主要死因有:早产和低出生体重、窒息、畸形和肺炎。结论加强卫生人员培训,提高其急救能力,建立新生儿急重症急救网络,扩大健康教育的覆盖面,提高群众自我保护意识,这些都是降低5岁以下儿童死亡的关键措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate death monitoring of children below 5 years old in Jinjiang city over a period from 2001 to 2005,and to provide basis for government’s strategy making.Methods Using sampling investigation method,we conducted a death monitoring for children in villages and towns of Jinjiang city and reviewed the death data of children below 5 years old over a period from 2001 to 2005.Results 654/49 305 children below 5 years old in Jinjiang city over a period from 2001 to 2005 died,and the average death rate was 13.20‰.Of which,the death rate in 2005(average death rate 11.59‰) was lowered by 4.18‰ than that in 2001(15.77‰);the infant mortality rate in 2005(9.45‰) was lowered by 4.45‰ than that in 2001(13.9‰);the neonatal mortality rate in 2005(6.7‰) was lowered by 3.26‰ than that in 2001(9.96‰).Over the 5-year period,the neonatal and infant’s mortality rates among children below 5 years old declined year by year.The first three main cause of death were premature delivery,and low birth weight,asphyxia,malformation and pneumonia.Conclusion Enhancing the training of health staff,raising their salvage ability,establishing the first aid web for severe neonates,enlarging the range of health education,intensifying the people’s self-protection awareness,all are the key measures to decrease the mortality rate of those children below 5 years old.更多还原