【摘要】 目的探讨江门市疟疾流行特征,为制定防治策略和监测方法提供依据。方法使用回顾性流行病学调查方法,利用疟疾病人个案表确定病例性质和发病前所从事的职业。媒介监测以半通宵人诱法,然后将捕获的按蚊进行种群鉴定和解剖。结果1995~2004年江门市报告疟疾627例,年发病率在0·024/万~0·668/万之间;十年检出疟原虫阳性病人587例,平均每年检出58·7例,其中外来人口疟疾病占66·67%,本省居民占33·33%。通过职业分析,从事砍伐、打石和种养等职业患病率最高。近十年间日疟是江门市流行的唯一虫种,偶见输入性恶性疟。在10个病灶点进行传疟媒介调查,人诱捕获6种按蚊,未发现子孢子自然感染。用除虫菊酯浸泡蚊帐防治疟疾及传疟媒介获得良好效果,可作处理流动人口疟疾疫点的重要措施。结论江门市疟疾发病率已控制在较低水平,目前疟疾流行以散发或输入为主,主要对病例的早治疗和疫点的早处理,以阻断疟疾在江门市的传播。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the prevalent features of malaria and provide basis for making control an surveillance measures in Jiangmen City. Methods Retrospectively epidemiological survey of infections was carried out and the Anopheline mosquitoes captured were dissected and differentiated. Results There 627 malarial cases were reported between 1995 and 2004 in Jiangmen City with an annual incidence of 0.024/10 000～0.668/10 000. Malaria parasites were detected from 587 people. The infection rates in local and outside population were 33.33% and 66.67%, respectively. The infections mainly occurred to people engaging in felling, quarrying and cultivating work. Six species of anopheles were caught and no naturally infected positive mosquitoes were discovered. Plasmodium vivax was the only parasite in this area and Plasmodium falciparum would occasionally imported from outside areas. Pyrethrum impregnated bed nets were effective for control of malaria and it is an important measure for management of floating population. Conclusion Malaria infection rate in this area is low and the infection is mainly scattered and imported from outside of the area. Thus the infection can be interrupted by early treatment of cases and foci.更多还原