【摘要】 地基GPS探测大气具有探测精度高、时间分辨率高、不需要标定、设备可综合利用等诸多优点,随着中国GPS地面基准站网的建设,在将来的基准站网的气象应用方面,可分为两个层次:覆盖全国的、站间距离约100km的国家级GPS大气探测网,主要监测天气尺度的水汽分布和变化,以及电离层电子密度分布;在一些经济发达的地区,建立站间距约10~40km的中尺度GPS大气探测网,主要任务是监测中尺度水汽场及变化,并利用层析技术获取中尺度水汽廓线。在将来的站网建设时,将主要把国家、地方各部门的基准站网和气象部门的站网相结合,来满足气象部门的业务需要。气象部门的建设,将依赖于中国气象局的业务技术体制,特别是通讯和业务运行体制,面向应用,以期利用该项技术提高气象预报的精度和时效,进行空间天气的监测和气候的监测预测。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ground-based GPS atmospheric sounding has been used in many meteorological services due to its high temporal resolution, accuracy, no calibration and multiple applications. Research and regional operational experiments have been conducted in China over these years. Two levels of meteorological applications will be operated in the future with the development of the Chinese continuous operational reference stations. The national GPS network with about 100 km distance between two stations is used to monitor the synoptic distribution and variation of the moisture, while the local GPS network with about 10-40 km distance is used to monitor the me-soscale weather phenomena, and to obtain moisture profiles by tomographic technology. GPS stations operated by different departments in China will be combined with the ones operated by China Meteorological Administration to meet the operational need of meteorological department. The establishment of the project will rely on the operational system of communication and technique to improve the weather forecast and monitor the space weather and the climate.更多还原