【摘要】 利用常规观测资料及新一代多普勒雷达资料对2004年3月30日发生在广东的强冰雹过程进行了详细分析。结果表明:中高层强冷空气入侵配合地面中尺度低压的发展,导致不稳定能量突增;下湿上干的不稳定层结、合适的0℃层与-20℃层高度利于大冰雹的形成;强有力的中尺度抬升系统和强垂直风切变直接导致强对流的发生,并使强对流长时间维持。在强风暴的发展过程中,广州新一代多普勒雷达(CINRAD-SA)观测到高悬的强回波、风暴中低层强入流、风暴顶强辐散及冰雹云三体散射所产生的钉状回波(TBSS)等特征。雷达资料分析表明:TBSS的强度随着上升气流的强弱及冰雹的降落发生变化;即使无中气旋,持久稳定的风暴相对入流和风暴顶强辐散也能使强风暴长时间维持;风暴顶辐散减弱,标志着入流减弱,伴随着强回波核下降,风暴进入消亡阶段。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on conventional meteorological observations and Doppler radar data,the environmental conditions and the evolution and features of a severe hailstorm event occurred on 30 March 2004 in Guangdong Province are analyzed.It is pointed out that strong upper cold air associated with a mesoscale low on the surface stimulated abrupt increasing instability;the large hailstones were generated in a very unstable environment at appropriate altitudes of 0 ℃ and-20 ℃ layers;strong vertical wind shear and mesoscale lifting systems(initiated) the hailstorm and maintained it for a long life time.The CINRAD-SA Doppler radar data show the(signatures) of high reflectivity aloft,stronge storm-top divergence,WER(Weak Echo Region) and TBSS(Three Body Scatter Spike) in the hailstorm.The radar data also indicated that TBSS was detected before large hailstones fell to the ground,the hailstorm could be maintained for a long life cycle by the strong storm-top (divergence) and sufficient low level inflows.更多还原