【摘要】 在夏、冬两季,分别在南京市4个站点进行为期7天的气溶胶PM2.5采样,同步采集并分离主要排放源的PM2.5样品,用X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)分析得到气样及源样中PM2.5的化学成分,对南京市PM2.5的物理化学特性、富集因子进行了分析,并应用化学质量平衡法(CMB)计算各类源对气溶胶PM2.5的贡献。结果表明,南京市PM2.5的夏、冬平均值分别为69.1、139.5μg.m-3,PM2.5/PM10的全年平均值为63.9%;富集成分中,S、As、Zn、Pb等主要来源于人为污染源,Na则主要来源于海洋。来源解析的结果表明,各类污染源对南京市气溶胶PM2.5的贡献率分别为:扬尘37.28%、煤烟尘30.34%、硫酸盐9.87%、建筑尘7.95%、汽车尘2.98%、冶炼尘2.57%、其他源9.01%。作者还对扬尘中的PM2.5进行了来源解析。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aerosol PM2.5 samples have been collected at four sites in summer(August 27—September 2, 2004) and winter(January 11-18, 2005) in Nanjing. Several sources have been collected at the same time. All these samples are analyzed by X-ray fluorescence analysis for elements characteristics. The average PM2.5 mass concentrations are 69.1 μg·m~ -3 in summer and 139.5 μg·m~ -3 in winter. Yearly average of PM2.5/PM10 ratio is 63.9%.The enrichment elements, such as S, As, Zn, Pb are mainly released from anthropogenic sources, and Na is from the ocean. The enrichment factor of every element is calculated, and the chemical mass balance method(CMB) has been applied to identify the sources of PM2.5. The result of the source apportionment shows that, the major contributions of PM2.5 aerosol mass in Nanjing include: fugitive dust(37.28%), coal combustion(30.34%), sulfate(9.87%), construction dust(7.95%), motor vehicle exhausts(2.98%), steel industry dust(2.57%), and other sources(9.01%). Source apportionment has also been considered on the PM2.5 of fugitive dust.更多还原