【摘要】 采用室内浸卵、浸叶和点滴法以及田间小区试验,对19种杀虫剂防治棉铃虫的作用特点和效果进行了系统研究。室内生物测定结果表明:多杀菌素对棉铃虫卵孵化有较好的抑制作用,90.40mg/L多杀菌素处理后棉铃虫卵的孵化率仅为42.86%;多杀菌素、甲氨基阿维菌素、高效氯氟氰菊酯、辛硫磷、丙溴磷、毒死蜱和高效氯氰菊酯对棉铃虫初孵幼虫的毒杀作用明显,原药稀释1.0×104~2.0×104倍时可使初孵幼虫死亡率达100%;昆虫生长调节剂———氟啶脲、氟铃脲、甲氧虫酰肼原药稀释1 000倍对棉铃虫初孵幼虫的致死率大于70%,且幼虫的生长受到明显抑制;甲氨基阿维菌素、高效氯氟氰菊酯、多杀菌素、毒死蜱、高效氯氰菊酯、丙溴磷、辛硫磷对低、高龄棉铃虫幼虫均具有较好的毒杀效果。田间小区试验结果表明,甲氨基阿维菌素、高效氯氟氰菊酯、丙溴磷、高效氯氰菊酯作用效果快且防治效果好,尤其是4 000倍甲氨基阿维菌素和5 000倍高效氯氟氰菊酯处理后第三天,其对棉铃虫的致死率达100%;多杀菌素和甲氧虫酰肼作用效果稍差。若在棉铃虫卵高峰期适时施药,供试的6种药剂均可作为防治棉铃虫的高毒农药替代品种。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects characters and efficacies of 19 insecticides against Helicoverpa armigera were tested by using laboratorial egg-dipping,leaf-dipping,topical application bioassay and plot tests in the field.The indoor bioassay results showed that the hatching rate of cotton bollworm were significantly suppressed by spinosad,only 42.86% of the eggs hatched after treated by 90.40 mg/L spinosad.High mortalities of neonatal cotton bollworm occurred as they bored out from the eggs treated by methylaminoavermectin,spinosad,chlorpyrifos,lambda-cyhalothrin,phoxim,profenophos and betacypermethrin.All of these insecticides mentioned above are highly toxic to neonates,and their 1.0×(10~4~)2.0×10~4 times dilutions could kill 100% of the neonates.The results of growth regulators such as chlorfluazuron,hexaflumuron and methoxyfenozide were also effective to neonatal cotton bollworm,70% of the larvae died after separately treated by 1 000 times dilutions of these insecticides,while the development of survival larvae were obviously inhibited.Methylaminoavermectin,lambda-cyhalothrin,spinosad,chlorpyrifos,beta-cypermethrin,profenophos and phoxim were equally effective to young and old larvae.The results of plot tests showed that methylaminoavermectin,lambda-cyhalothrin,beta-cypermethrin and profenophos had high and quick effective,the corrected mortalities were 100% after treated with 4 000 times methylaminoavermectin dilution and 5 000 times lambda-cyhalothrin (dilution.But) the spinosad and methoxyfenozide acted slowly and their efficacies were lower.(Consequently,methylaminoavermectin,)lambdacyhalothrin,spinosad,beta-cypermethrin,profenophos and methoxyfenozide can be used as substitutional insecticides to replace hypertoxic insecticides against H.armigera,if only spray insecticides in time at peak egg stage.更多还原