【摘要】 以落叶、蘑菇渣和鸡粪为原料,在长45.5 cm、直径31.0 cm的圆柱形堆肥仓内,采用间歇式强制通风方式,进行为期44 d的堆肥试验。试验设未灭菌蘑菇渣与落叶联合堆肥和灭菌蘑菇渣与落叶联合堆肥2个处理,研究蘑菇渣中的微生物对落叶堆肥过程中养分变化的影响以及蘑菇渣与落叶联合堆肥过程中养分的变化情况。结果表明,在通风量为0.20 m3.h-1、通风时间为20 min.h-1的条件下,处理一(添加高温灭菌的蘑菇渣)和处理二(添加未高温灭菌的蘑菇渣)在堆肥11 h后分别达到52.0℃和52.5℃的高温,并且分别保持50℃以上达77 h和72 h;添加未经高温灭菌的蘑菇渣可以加快落叶中有机质的降解,降低堆肥C/N,提高钾的积累,加快中木质纤维素的降解速度,表现为在堆肥结束时,处理二的筛过率较处理一高7.84%;蘑菇渣对落叶堆肥过程温度、水分、总氮、总磷、挥发性固体、pH、NH4+-N和NO3--N的影响不大。因此,添加未灭菌的蘑菇渣对落叶堆肥有促进作用,但对堆肥过程中的养分变化影响不大。更多还原

【Abstract】 The characteristics of nutrient transformations were researched during co-composting of tree leaves,spent mushroom compost and chicken manure in a cylindrical composting barns with cubage of 0.455×0.310фm3 for 44 days through batch forced aerated static pile model.Two treatments were set,one was added with sterilized spent mushroom compost(SMC) and another one with un-sterilized,to evaluate the effect of the microorganisms of the un-sterilized spent mushroom compost on nutrient transformations during leaves composting and the co-composting of leaves with un-sterilized spent mushroom compost.The results indicated that when the ventilation quantity was 0.20 m3·h-1 and ventilating time was 20 min·h-1,the temperature under two treatments with sterilized and un-sterilized spent mushroom compost(SMC) were 52.0 ℃ and 52.5 ℃ respectively at 11 h of composting,and the temperature of ≥50 ℃ maintained 77 h and 72 h respectively.The degradation of the organic matter and lingo-cellulose in leaves and the accumulation of total K increased but C/N ratio decreased when using un-sterilized spent mushroom compost during the compost.At the end of the compost,the screening ratio of treatment added with un-sterilized spent mushroom compost was higher than that of treatment added sterilized spent mushroom compost by 7.84%.The temperature,moisture,total N,total P,volatile solid,NH■■-N and NO■■-N during composting were not affected significantly.Obviously,microorganisms in the spent mushroom compost played a very important role in improving the effects of leaves compost with no significant influences on the nutrient transformation.更多还原