【摘要】 为探究不同品种冬小麦花前同化物和氮素转移对氮肥的反应,以NR9405、9430、偃师9号、小偃6号、陕229号和西农2208等冬小麦品种为供试材料,通过盆栽试验,测定和分析了土壤不同供氮状况下冬小麦花前同化产物和氮素转移的变化。结果表明,施用氮肥可显著增加冬小麦花前干物质转移量和转移效率以及花前和花后吸氮量、花前氮转移量,提高花前干物质对籽粒的贡献率、总吸氮量和籽粒产量,但降低了花前氮的转移效率、对籽粒的贡献率和氮素利用效率。品种间花前干物质转移量、转移效率、对籽粒的贡献率、籽粒产量以及花前吸氮量、花后吸氮量、总吸氮量、花前氮转移量、转移效率、对籽粒的贡献率、氮素利用效率均存在显著或极显著差异。施氮后不同品种的干物质和氮素各性状指标变化幅度明显不同,说明品种之间对氮肥反应的敏感程度有差异。因此通过改变遗传因素和氮肥施用量可促进冬小麦花前同化物和氮素向籽粒的转移,提高籽粒产量和氮素利用效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 The pot experiment was carried out with Eum-Orthic Anthrosols to study the responses of winter wheat in Assimilative matter and nitrogen translocation before anthesis to nitrogen fertilizer using 6 cultivars(NR9405,9430,Yanshi 9,Xiaoyan6,Shaan229 and Xinong2208) as material under two treatments of nitrogen fertilizer(0 and 0.02 g nitrogen per kilogram soil).The results showed that the translocation amount,translocation efficiency,and proportion of dry matter translocation in grain before anthesis,grain yield,N uptake amount before and after anthesis,and total N uptake amount were significantly increased by applying N fertilizer,but the translocation efficiency and contribution rate to grain from nitrogen before anthesis,and nitrogen use efficiency reduced.All the measured indexes existed significantly differences between varieties.After applying nitrogen fertilizer,the increased among of variety in all the measured indexes was also apparently different from that of others.This indicated that the response of winter wheat for N fertilizer was significantly different among varieties in all the measured indexes.Therefore,the translocation of assimilative matter and N before anthesis to grain could be promoted to increase grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat by variety selection and nitrogen fertilizer application.更多还原