【摘要】 用旋转滴法测定了微乳液体系(OP-4+OP-7)／苯甲醇/D2EHPA／环已烷/HCl水溶液的表面活性组分非离子型表面活性剂壬基酚聚氧乙烯(4)醚(OP-4)、壬基酚聚氧乙烯(7)醚(OP-7)、助表面活性剂苯甲醇和萃取剂D2EHPA[二(2-乙基已基)磷酸]的环已烷溶液与水之间的液-液界面张力,根据Gibbs吸附公式计算了各活性组分的吸附量和分子横截面积,讨论了OP-4、OP-7、苯甲醇和D2EHPA的界面活性和分子结构对微乳液相平衡体系形成的影响,同时进行了用微乳液体系(OP-4+OP-7)／苯甲醇/D2EHPA/煤油/HCl水溶液萃取稀土钕的一些试验．结果表明,四个活性组分在环已烷/HCl水溶液中吸附达饱和时OP-7、OP -4、D2EHPA、苯甲醇的分子横截面积分别为67．8×10-20m2、55．2×10-20m2、47．3×10-20 m2、115．4×10-20 m2;OP-4、OP-7在环已烷中的临界胶束浓度分别为3．3×10-3 mol／L和8．2×10-4 mol／L;界面活性顺序为OP-7>OP-4>D2EHPA>苯甲醇．采用微乳液和中空纤维膜萃取器相结合对钕进行逆流萃取时,则既可得到高的萃取率,又可得到较好的富集效果．更多还原

【Abstract】 The interfacial tension between cyclohexane solutions contained surfactants such as polyoxy-ethylene (4) nonyl phenol(OP-4), polyoxyethylene(7) nonylphenol(OP-7), benzylalcohol, 2-(2-ethylhexyl-phosphonic) acid (D2EHPA) and HCl aqueous solution were measured by spinning drop method, respectively. On the basis, the Gibbs excesses and molecular cross-section area of these four species at the liquid/liquid interface were calculated using Gibbs adsorption equation. The results showed that the molecular cross-section area of OP-7, OP-4, benzylalcohol, D2EHPA were 55.2×10-20、67.8×10-20、47.3×10-20 and 115.4×10-20 m2, respectively. The CMC values were 8.2×10-4 mol/L for OP-7 and 3.3×10-3 mol/L for OP-4. Their interface activities followed in the order: OP-7>OP-4>D2EHPA>benzylalcohol. When these four surface active species were mixed together with kerosene and HCl solution, a W/O microemulsion system (OP-4 + OP-7) /benzylalcohol/D2EHPA/kerosene/HCl formed spontaneously which was used as a liquid membrane for neodymium extraction in a WinsorⅡsystem(a bi-phase equilibrium system of W/O microemulsion with excess water or aqueous solution). It indicated that while this microemulsion was dispersed directly in Nd3+ feed solution, the extraction rate was higher above 93 % but no concentrated in the receiving phase. However, while the extraction was altered by the microemulsion within a hollow fiber contactor (HFC), both high extraction rate and enrichment were accomplished.更多还原