【摘要】 在大田栽培条件下,对不同种小麦光合特性及干物质积累、运转和分配进行了比较研究。结果表明,野生一粒、栽培一粒和野生二粒的单叶光合速率和叶绿素含量的最高值显著高于普通小麦,其维持高值水平的持续时间显著短于普通小麦。但不同种小麦叶面积系数、群体光合速率、干物质积累运转分配表现为,普通小麦在生育前期叶面积系数上升较快,有利于前期干物质的积累而易形成壮苗;拔节到开花期叶面积系数、群体光合速率、干物质积累量均较野生种小麦稳,这有利于建立合理的群体结构;开花后野生种小麦的叶面积系数和群体光合速率就转入急剧下降,维持较高水平的持续时间短,而普通小麦开花后直到灌浆期仍维持较高水平的叶面积系数和群体光合速率,因而其开花后干物质的积累量显著提高,有利于籽粒灌浆。普通小麦开花后营养器官向籽粒的转移量和转移率均显著高于野生种小麦,说明普通小麦在成熟期营养器官中的非结构性碳水化合物滞留少,向籽粒中的运转彻底。更多还原

【Abstract】 Comparative research thragh field operiment was carried out investigate photosynthetic characteristics,dry matter accumulation,translocation and redistribution among the different wheat species.The maximum Pn and chlorophll content in single leaf of T.boeoticm、T.monococcm L. and T.dicoccoides were significantly higher,while the durations of Pn and chlorophy content at high levels was shorter,compared with those of common wheats.Which1 was in accordance with the previous studies.LAI increased very fast in early growth stage,thus favored the accumulation of dry matter,which led to superior plant in common wheat.From booting to anthesis,the changes in LAI、canopy photosynthetic rate and dry matter accumulation were more stable in common wheats than in wild wheats,which contributed to form reasonable canopy quality.In common wheat,relative high LAI and canopy photosynthetic rates were maintained,accumulation of dry matter after anthesis consequently increased and favored grain filling.The amount and proportion of translocated dry matter between vegetative organs to grain were much higher in common wheat than those in wild wheats.This suggested that the remained storage nonstructive carbohydrates in vegetative organs were fewer in common wheat than that in wild wheats.The redistributed dry matter mainly contributed to higher grain weight in common wheats,compared with wild wheats.更多还原