【摘要】 [目的]探讨建立职业卫生监督量化分级管理评价指标体系和评估方法,为职业卫生监督分级分类管理提供依据。[方法]以《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》和相关法规条款为依据,采用定性、定量相结合的办法,建立职业卫生监督量化分级评价指标体系,编制职业卫生监督量化分级测评表和监督考核评分细则。按评分表内容,随机对辖区114家职业病危害用人单位的职业卫生组织管理、预防措施、监督监测、健康监护等4项内容,22个监督评价要素,采用双盲法进行企业自评和监督量化评分。[结果]114家用人单位企业自评总得分率为79.64%,监督评分总得分率为77.87%,两组评分结果差异无显著性(P>0.05)。其中职业卫生组织管理、预防措施、监督监测、健康监护监督得分率分别为81.79%、47.49%、73.50%、87.35%。监督等级划分,优秀(A级)企业(≥90分)5家,占4.39%;良好(B级)企业(80~89分)16家,占14.04%;一般(C级)企业(60~79分)70家,占61.40%;较差(D级)企业(<60分)23家,占20.18%。[结论]职业卫生监督量化分级评价指标体系的建立和监督考核评分细则的制定为职业卫生监督量化分级管理提供了依据,具有可操作性。推行该项新的监督模式,增加了监督检查的科学性、公正性、严肃性和可比性,并在促进企业自律、社会监督方面有积极的推动和激励作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To establish a performance appraisal system and appraisal method for the quantified grading management of the occupational health supervision and to provide a basis for the grading and classifying management of the occupational health supervision. Methods Based on the“Regulations on Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease in the People’s Republic of China”and other relevant legislations and regulations,a qualified and quantified method is adopted to establish a performance appraisal system for the quantified grading of the occupationl health supervision,to develop a performance appraisal table and the supervision-assess-and-appraisal details for the quantified grading of the occupational health supervision. The study randomly selected 114 enterprises having occupational hazards,and conducted the appraisal by the enterprises themselves and by the supervisor on double-blind basis. The appraisal includes 4 aspects,i.e. occupational health organization management(OHOM),precautionary measures(PM),supervision and monitoring(SM),and health guardianship (HG)according to the 22 supervision and appraisal items of the performance appraisal table. Results Through appraisal,the total mark given by the 114 enterprises themselves is 79.64%,and by the supervisor is 77.87%,showing no big difference between the two(P > 0.05). The marks of OHOM,PM,SM,and HG were given as 81.79%,47.49%,73.50%,and 87.35% respectively. The results of the supervision is graded as follows:5 out of the total 114 enterprises(4.39%)ranked as‘excellent’(Grade A) for they got marks more than 90 points;16 enterprises of the total(14.04%)ranked as‘good’(Grade B)for their marks more than 80 points;70 enterprises of the total(61.4%)ranked as‘moderate’(Grade C)for their marks more than 60 points;and 23 enterprises of the total(20.18%)ranked as‘poor’(Grade D)for their marks only less than 60 points. Conclusion The establishment of the appraisal system and the appraisal details provide a basis for quantified grading management of occupational health supervision. It is practicable. To practise this new supervision mode,the task will be more scientific,justly,solemn,and comparable. It has active invigorative and impellent function in enterprise self-discipline and social supervision.更多还原