【摘要】 目的:了解云南云溪地区临床分离菌的菌群分布和耐药情况,指导合理用药。方法:对我院1999-2001年从血液、体液、尿液、口痰、阴拭子和粪便标本中分离的4754株病原菌作回顾性分析。结果:革兰阴性杆菌比例显著升高,条件致病菌和酵母样真菌检出机会显著增多;药敏结果显示多数临床细菌对常用抗生素的耐药趋势在不断上升;大肠埃希菌、沙门菌和枸橼酸杆菌等革兰阴性杆菌对喹诺酮类药物的耐药率达57％-97％,亚胺培南则对阴性杆菌有较高的敏感覆盖率;耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(MRS)对环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、氯洁霉素、四环素、红霉素、头孢唑啉和氨苄西林的耐药率分别为 40．9％、42．4％、63．6％、70．2％、85．9％、100．0％和100．0％;链球菌和肠球菌对多数β内酰胺类青霉素、氨基糖苷类、大环内酯类、四环素类以及磺胺类药物均呈高度耐药,耐药率在36％-100％。结论:临床抗生素应用中的耐药性问题十分严峻,应定期监测区城内细菌的耐药变化,指导临床合理用药。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To study the flora distribution and investigate drug resistance of clinical isolated bacteria in Yuxi city for the guidance of rational use of antibiotics. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on a total of 4754 strains of pathogens separated from blood, body fluid, urine, sputum, vaginal secreta and stool samples from 1999 to 2001 years in Yuxi municipal people’s hospital. Results: The proportion of Gram-negative bacilli rose obviously, so did the opportunistic pathogen’s and Yeasts detected rate. Most drug sensitive tests showed the drug-fast rate turned to be high.Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Citrobacter resistant and so on to fluoroquinolones was 57%-97%. These bacteria to imipenem showed excellent activity. Meticillin-resistant-staphylococcus (MRS) resistant to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, clindamycin, tetracycline, erythromycin, ce fazolin and ampicillin were 40.9%, 42.4%, 63.6%, 72. 2%, 85. 9%, 100. 0% and 100. 0%, respectively Streptococcus and Enterococcus resistant to major β-lactams-penicillin,aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracyclines and sulfonamides were between 36.0% to 100.0%. Conclusion:The situation of clinical antibiotic resistance is quite serious, the bacteria’s drug resistance dynamics in our responsible region should examine constantly, so to guide doctors using drugs reasonably.更多还原