【摘要】 通过正交实验研究了有机膨润土对水溶液中金属离子吸附的主要影响因素;将原矿和有机土进行了IR和XRD表征;测定了溶液酸度和溶液中金属离子浓度对有机膨润土吸附效果的影响;考察了有机膨润土的粒径和吸附次数对吸附效果的影响,以此论证新疆夏子街钠基膨润土及有机化膨润土对水溶液中各金属离子的吸附能力。实验结果表明:有机化膨润土对水溶液中Cr6+、Hg2+、Cu2+和Zn2+金属离子的去除率都比原土有显著提高;溶液的pH值对吸附效果影响较大;有机膨润土吸附量对数与Cr6+、Hg2+、Cu2+金属离子平衡浓度对数的吸附等温线近似成直线,符合吸附等温方程;金属离子浓度对有机膨润土吸附效果的影响趋势是Cr6+>Hg2+>Cu2+;有机膨润土对金属离子吸附能力大小是Hg2+>Cu2+>Cr6+,吸附速率大小是Cr6+>Hg2+>Zn2+。有机膨润土的粒径对吸附效果影响较小。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper,the adsorption factors of metal ions in water with organobentonite were determined by orthogonal experiments.Original bentonite and organobentonite were characterized by IR and XRD.The solution acidity was measured,the influence of metal ion concentrations was studied as well as organobentonite grain diameter and adsorption number,so the adsorption abilities of Xinjiang local bentonite and organobentonite were demonstrated.It was shown that the effect of adsorbing metal ions in water with organobentonite was obvious compared to bentonite.The adsorption effect of the pH value of solution was maximal,the logarithm adsorption isotherm of organobentonite was almost in line with metal ion concentrations,the adsorption isotherm was in accord with the Freundlich equation.The influence of metal ion concentrations: Cr⁶⁺>Hg²⁺>Cu²⁺,the adsorption ability of organobentonite: Hg²⁺>Cu²⁺>Cr⁶⁺,the adsorption velocity: Cr⁶⁺>Hg²⁺>Zn²⁺,the influence of organobentonite grain diameter was less than that of organobentonite.更多还原