【摘要】 研究了单施化肥及沼肥配施化肥对水稻产量及其构成因素、品质性状、稻田主要病虫害、植株养分吸收和土壤养分供应的效应。结果表明:在等氮、磷、钾大田施肥条件下,与单施化肥相比,沼肥配施化肥能优化水稻主要性状,提高单位面积产量,改善稻米的食味品质和营养品质;施用沼肥可以减轻水稻主要病虫害的发生和危害;施用沼肥促进了稻谷对氮、磷养分的吸收,提高了氮素和磷素的利用率;提高了土壤有机质含量,全氮、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾的含量有所累积。综合考虑,施用沼肥有利于节省水稻生产成本,减轻环境污染,生态、社会效益好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Effects of two different fertilizers(chemical fertilizer only and biogas manures combined with chemical fertilizer) application on the yield of rice and yield components,quality characters,disease and insect pests,nutrient uptake by rice and soil properties were studied.The result showed that at an equal N,P and K level,compared with single chemical fertilizer application, combined application of biogas manures and a small amount of chemical fertilizer was beneficial to rice in paddy field.(1) Biogas manures could not only optimize the agronomic characters of rice plant,increase rice grain yield,but also improve eating qualities and nutrition element content of rice grain;(2)The damage caused by disease and insect pests was reduced owing to using biogas manures;(3) Using of biogas manures increased the content of soil organic matter and nutrient elements such as total N,available N,P,K,and then the soil physicochemical properties were improved,and uptake and utilization efficiency on N,P nutrient by rice grain was enhanced;(4) Application of biogas manures decreased the production cost and environment pollution of chemical fertilizer,promoted ecological and social effects.更多还原