【摘要】 用正交实验法,通过方差分析,建立并优化了超临界CO2/表面活性剂萃取海星皂甙的工艺。在以浓度为0.075 moL/L的二辛酯琥珀酸磺酸钠(AOT)/辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚(TX-10)组成的复合表面活性剂的正丁醇/乙醇/水多元溶液为助溶剂,萃取压力30 MPa,萃取温度333 K,萃取时间2 h,采取两级分离,分离器(1)的温度为328 K,压力15 MPa,分离器(2)的温度为338 K,压力5 MPa的优化工艺条件下,海星皂甙的萃取率为1.33%,萃取物中海星皂甙质量分数为59.01%,溶血指数为19 231。与乙醇〔w(CH3CH2OH)=85%〕萃取相比,超临界CO2萃取海星皂甙的萃取率提高到1.2倍,质量分数提高到2.0倍,溶血指数提高到1.5倍,所萃取的海星皂甙具有显著的细胞毒性,充分体现了超临界CO2萃取的“绿色”特性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The extraction process for saponins from Asterias amurensis with supercritical carbon dioxide modified by surfactants was optimized by orthogonal design.The optimum process conditions were established as follows:0.075 moL/L AOT/ TX-10 multi-surfactant solubilized in the mixture of butanol,ethanol and water as cosolvent,extractor pressure 30 MPa,extractor temperature 333 K,separatorⅠ pressure 15 MPa,separatorⅠ temperature 328 K,separatorⅡ pressure 5 MPa,separatorⅡtemperature 328 K,extraction time 2 h.The extraction rate,mass fraction and the hemolytic index（HI） of saponins extracted with SC-CO₂ were 1.33%,59.01% and（19 231） respectively.The extraction rate,mass fraction and HI of saponins are respectively 1.2,2.0 and 1.5 times as high as those with ethanol extraction.The results show that supercritical carbon dioxide extraction not only increases the extraction rate but also enhances the biological activity of saponins from Asterias amurensis.更多还原