【摘要】 180℃下,醋酸镍为前驱体,溶解在1,2-丙二醇溶剂中,以溶剂自身为还原剂,加入适量的修饰剂(如聚乙二醇系列 (PEG-200,PEG-600,PEG-2000和PEG-6000)和十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)),进行了粒径、形貌可控的纳米镍的合成．通过XRD,TEM和Foruier红外光谱(FTIR)对纳米镍进行了表征．结果表明,修饰剂的结构对纳米镍的粒径大小、粒径分布及形貌的影响很大．修饰剂PEG-200与PEG-600易于形成雪花状晶体,PEG-2000易于形成十二面体晶体,PEG-6000 易于形成三角形薄片, SDS易于形成粒径较小的雪花状晶体和十二面晶体; PEG-600,PEG-6000与SDS复配后易于形成粒径较大的雪花状晶体．并对修饰剂的作用机理进行了讨论．更多还原

【Abstract】 Size- and shape-controlled Ni nanoparticles were synthesized using nickel acetate as precursor, 1, 2-propanediol as solvent and reducing agent, sodium hydroxide as pH adjusting agents, and surfactants PEG (polyethylene glycols) and SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) as modifiers. The as-prepared Ni nanoparticles were characterized by TEM, XRD and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The presence of modifiers is crucial for the synthesis of size- and shape-controlled phase pure Ni nanoparticles. The modification effects of single modifiers such as PEGs and SDS, and their composites were investigated and analyzed. Among single modifiers, the PEG-200 or PEG-600 is beneficial to fabricating irregular snowflake-like crystals, PEG-2000 beneficial to synthesizing dodecahedra crystals, PEG-6000 beneficial to synthesizing triangular crystals, and SDS beneficial to fabricating dodecahedra crystals and irregular snowflake-like crystals with smaller average particle size. Among the composite modifiers, coexisting of SDS and PEG-600 or PEG-6000 is beneficial to fabricating irregular snowflake-like crystals with bigger average particle size. The effects of the modifiers play an important role in the synthesis of Ni nanoparticles certified by FTIR spectroscopy.更多还原