【摘要】 为探索水稻叶片形态因子在F1代的遗传规律,以4个光温敏核不育系和10个常规水稻品种(品系)为亲本,采用NCⅡ设计,杂交获得40个杂种F1,于乳熟期测定了剑叶的7个叶片形态因子,分析了F1剑叶叶片形态因子的基因型方差来源及其对性状的贡献率。结果表明:7个叶片形态因子的广义遗传力大小依次为:宽度>面积>比叶重>长度>叶面曲率>着生角>披垂角。其中叶片长度、宽度、面积、比叶重和叶面曲率的广义遗传力大于0.5,在F1代呈现较高遗传力;叶宽和比叶重的基因作用主要表现为加性效应;叶长、叶面积和叶面曲率的基因作用则主要表现为显性效应;着生角加性效应显性效应相当;披垂角的广义遗传力最低(0.277),环境效应则最高(0.723),表明F1叶片披垂角主要受栽培条件等环境因子的影响。根据叶片形态因子在F1代的遗传规律和超级杂交稻的高产株型要求,提出了杂交稻育种中有关叶片形态因子的双亲选择策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 The purpose of this study was to prove the heritability of leaf morphological factors at F₁,and to promote hybrid rice breeding with a strategy for parents selecuion.By using four environment-sensitive genic male sterility lines（EGMS）,10 rice cultivars and 40 F₁s made by the NCⅡ design,seven morphological factors of flag leaf,i.e.leaf length and width,leaf area,leave angle and drooping angle,leaf blade curvature and specific leaf weight（SLW） were measured or calculated for F₁ and their parents at milking stage.The results indicated that the heritability of the 7 morphological factors of flag leaf showed an order of leaf wide>area>SLW>length>blade curvature>angle>drooping angle.The heritability of leaf length and width,leaf area,SLW and leaf blade curvature were higher than 0.5.Leaf length,area,and blade curvature were mainly controlled by dominant gene effect,while additive gene effect in leaf width and SLW.Leave angle and drooping angle showed lower heritability, and controlled by both additive and dominant gene effects.Drooping angle showed lowest heritability of 0.277 and highest environmental effect of 0.723,which indicated that leaf drooping angle were mainly affected by environmental conditions.According to heritability of the seven leaf morphological factors in F₁,a selection strategy for leaf morphology of parents in hybrid rice breeding was put forward.更多还原