【摘要】 目的①获得本地区新生儿听力损失发病资料;②寻找适合本地区的筛查模式;③推动黑龙江省新生儿听力筛查项目的广泛实施。方法对哈尔滨医科大学第一附属临床医院2005年3月~2006年1月出生的366例新生儿进行听力筛查,对142例转诊至本院听力中心的疑似听力损失婴幼儿和儿童进行诊断性听力学检查。对未通过者进行声阻抗、耳声发射、听性脑干反应、听觉稳态诱发反应的全面综合检查以确定听力损失的性质和程度。结果研究期限内,本院共出生366名新生儿,其中65例(17.76%)未通过初筛,42天56例复筛(9例失访),有3例需行听性脑干反应检查,经过听力学初步评估发现2例(5.46‰)有听力损失,其中正常新生儿1例(发病率为3.12‰),高危新生儿1例(发病率为22.7‰)。转诊疑似听力损失儿142例中,确认听力损失113例(79.58%),其中轻度2例(1.8%)、中度10例(8.8%)、重度37例(32.7%)、极重度64例(56.6%),发现确诊年龄为6个月~3岁。结论哈尔滨地区新生儿先天性听力损失发病率相对较高,应在全省范围内推广新生儿听力筛查,3个月内早期诊断和6个月内早期干预是必要的,以便尽早发现患儿及时给予干预。此筛查及诊断模式适合本地区经济特点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To acquire pathogenesis and prevalence of newborn’s hearing loss in order to find suitable hearing screening model for Heilongjiang province and push implementing of universal newborn hearing screening. Methods: 366 newborns born at the First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University from February 2005 to January 2006,and 142 babies who had risk factors of hearing loss received the audiometry. Those infants who failed the audiometry had to receive comprehensive examinations such as acoustic impedance audiometry(AIA), otoacoustic emission(OAE), auditory brainstem response(ABR) and auditory steady-state response(ASSR). Results: 65 cases (17.76%) who failed the first audiometry received the second audiometry with 9 missing cases among 366 newborns. In 56 cases of the second screening, 3 cases received ABR test while 2 cases (5.46‰) showed hearing loss, one case (22.7‰) was found at high risk while the other one (3.12‰) was normal newborn. Among 142 infants who were unclearly diagnosed to have hearing loss, 113 cases (79.58%) had hearing loss, with 2 mild cases(1.8%), 10 moderate cases (8.8%), 37 severe cases (32.7%) and 64 extremely severe cases(56.6%). Conclusion: The incidence of inborn hearing loss among the infants is relatively higher in Heilongjiang province, so it is necessary to carry out universal newborn hearing screening program.更多还原