【摘要】 目的了解中国医院护士性格、气质及人际协调能力的现状。方法对北京地区部属、市属及区属3所医院内、外、妇、儿、手术室、门急诊6个科室516名护士采用艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)和加州心理测验表(CPI)中人际关系协调能力测验表进行调查,并与国内常模比较。结果516名护士EPQ的评分与国内常模比较,P和N得分较低(P<0.05,P<0.01),E得分较高(P<0.01),L得分均衡;各科室间P、E、N、L得分比较,差异无显著性意义(均P>0.05);气质类型以中间型与多血质型为主,胆汁质型次之,粘液质型和抑郁质型较少。6个科室护士建立人际关系能力得分为48.90±6.50。其中门急诊科护士得分高于内、外科护士(均P<0.01);维持良好人际关系能力得分为19.47±2.21,其中儿科护士得分高于内科及妇产科护士(均P<0.01);平息人际冲突能力测验得分为25.04±5.14。结论中国医院护士个性心理特征以外向型性格、中间型及多血质气质为主,情绪较稳定,无精神质的特质,人际协调能力较强,适合医院护理职业岗位。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the current situations of nurses’ characteristics,temperaments and their ability to(coordinate) interpersonal relationships in Chinese hospitals.Methods Surveys were made to 516 nurses from 6 departments(Medicine,Surgery,Obstetrics and Gynecology,Pediatrics,Operation Room,and Emergency Medicine) of a hospital attached to the Ministry,a metropolitan hospital and a district hospital,through EPQ and Interpersonal Relationships Coordinating Ability Tests from CPI.Comparisons were also made to the Chinese norm.Results After comparing the EPQ results with the Chinese norm,it was found that Chinese hospital nurses get lower scores in P and N((P<0.05,)P<0.01),higher scores in E(P<0.01),and more balanced scores in L.There was no significant difference among the departments.Most of the hospital nurses had middle type and sanguine temperaments;some had bilious temperaments;only few of them exhibited phlegmatic temperaments and melancholic temperaments.In the tests to their ability of establishing interpersonal relationships,the nurses from the 6 departments got 48.90±6.50,with the nurses from the Emergency Medicine having a higher score than those from the Medicine and Surgery(all P<0.01);The nurses got 19.47±2.21 for their ability of maintaining good interpersonal relationships,with the nurses from the Pediatrics having a higher score than those from Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology(all P<0.01),and their scores for the ability of resolving the interpersonal conflicts were 25.04±5.14.Conclusion The(characteristics) of most nurses belong to the extravert type,the middletype and sanguine temperaments.They have stable(emotional) moods with no neuroticism.They have quite strong ability in coordinating interpersonal relationships and are qualified for the nursing position.更多还原