【摘要】 采用间歇式生物反应器,对模拟小区生活污水的人工配水进行了生物处理;然后,在操作压力为0.1 MPa,搅拌速度为300 r/m in条件下,选用膜生物反应器中常用的聚醚砜(PES,切割分子量分别为2万、1万和5千)、聚丙烯腈(PAN,切割分子量为20万)、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF,切割分子量为20万)超滤平板膜和聚醚砜(PES,孔径为0.1μm)、聚丙烯腈(PAN,孔径为0.1μm)、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF,孔径为0.1μm)微滤平板膜在实验室用死端超滤器上分别对活性污泥悬浮液进行了过滤并探讨了和间歇式生物反应器组合在一起用于中水回用的效果,结果表明:每种组合处理后的出水水质为COD<50 mg/L,NH3-N<10 mg/L,SS为0 mg/L,浊度为0 NTU,都达到了中水回用的水质标准(CJ25.1-89),其中生物反应器分别与PES超滤膜(5千、1万、2万)和PAN(20万、0.1μm)膜组合时,对COD的去除率较高,但所有组合对NH3-N、TOC去除率及膜的渗透通量都相差不大。此外,根据恒压堵塞过滤定律对膜的污染机理进行的研究证实:对于微滤膜和PAN(20万)超滤膜而言,由滤饼过滤过渡到完全(标准)堵塞,再到滤饼过滤;但对于PVDF(20万)和PES(2万)超滤膜,则由标准堵塞过渡到完全堵塞,再到滤饼过滤;PES(5千、1万)超滤膜的污染机理相对简单,整个过程以滤饼过滤为主。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study,the synthetic wastewater was first treated by an intermittent bioreactor,and then the mixed suspension was filtered by the ultrafiltration cell with ultrafiltration membranes（PES,20 kDa、10 kDa and 5 kDa;PAN,200 kDa;PVDF,200 kDa）and microfiltration membranes（PES,0.1 μm;PAN,0.1 μm;PVDF,0.1 μm） under the conditions of Δp=0.1 MPa,and the stirring rate = 300 r/min.The effects of different membranes coupled with the bioreactor on wastewater reclamation were also discussed.The results showed that the effluent quality were as follows:COD<50 mg/L,NH₃-N<10 mg/L,turbidity=0 NTU and SS=0 mg/L,which could meet the quality standard for reused wastewater issued by the Ministry of Construction.The removals of COD by the combinations of the intermittent bioreactor and PES（5 kDa、10 kDa、20 kDa）and PAN（200 kDa、0.1 μm）respectively were higher,but the flux of the eight membranes and the removals of NH₃-N 、TOC by the each combination were almost equal to each other.Furthermore,according to the blocking filtration law at constant pressure,the fouling mechanisms of microfiltration membranes and PAN（200 kDa） included the following three steps in serial i.e.cake filtration,complete blocking（standard blocking） and cake filtration.The fouling mechanisms of PVDF（200 kDa）and PES（20 kDa）also included three steps over the time as follows: standard blocking,complete blocking and cake filtration.Compared with the six membranes above,the fouling mechanisms of PES（5 kDa、10 kDa）were relatively simple,and cake filtration was the main.更多还原