【摘要】 随着现代工业的迅速发展,生产过程中排出的有害重金属离子废水日益增加。寻找较为廉价的废水净化材料,对其中有害重金属离子的有效处理已成为环境保护中亟待解决的问题。廉价吸附剂的使用取代了目前成本较高的从溶液中回收重金属离子的方法,同时吸附剂改性会大大提高其吸附量。阐述了壳聚糖、海泡石、膨润土、海藻和泥炭等结构组成、吸附和离子交换性能等,报道廉价吸附剂对一些重金属离子的最大吸附量是:796 mg Pb/g壳聚糖,1123 mg Hg/g壳聚糖,92 mg Cr(Ⅲ)/g壳聚糖,76 mg Cr(Ⅲ)/g泥炭,41 mg Pb/g膨润土,558 mg Cd/g壳聚糖,215 mg Cd/g海藻。由此展现了廉价吸附剂在重金属离子废水处理过程中的巨大优势和良好的发展前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 The technical feasibility of various low-cost sorbents for heavy metal removal from wastewater has been reviewed.The use of low-cost sorbents have been investigated as replacements of current costly methods for removing heavy metals from contaminated water.Natural materials with a high sorption capacity for heavy metals can be obtained,employed and disposed of with little cost.Modification of the sorbents can also improve adsorption capacity.A wide range of potentially low-cost sorbents,including chitosan,bentonite,sepiolite,algae,peat and so on are introduced.Some of the highest adsorption capacities reported for cadmium,chromium,lead and mercury are: 796 mg Pb/g chitosan,1123 mg Hg/g chitosan,92 mg Cr(Ⅲ)/g chitosan,76 mg Cr(Ⅲ)/g peat,41 mg Pb/g bentonite,558 mg Cd/g chitosan,and 215 mg(Cd/g) seaweed.The low-cost sorbents have many advantages in disposal of heavy metals in wastewater,which will be applied widely in future.更多还原