【摘要】 形式主义强调艺术是对生活和事物的审美体验和感受,而不是认知。主张打破人们思维和感受的习以为常的“自动化”的惯性,用“陌生化”的方法来加深和延长人们对生活和事物的审美体验和感受,恢复对生活和事物的质朴的新鲜的感觉。钱钟书对形式主义的陌生化理论及中国古代的修辞理论早已了然于心,所以在文学创作上有意识地注重文学的表现技巧,在文字的修词设色上苦心经营,以达到新颖奇特的陌生化效果。同时,追求“陌生化”要注意“度”的把握,要以熟悉为基础。这样才能既给人以新鲜刺激的审美感受,又不至于造成阅读和接受障碍而产生拒绝心理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Formalism puts emphasis upon that aesthetics is an experience and feeling toward life and things rather than recognition and claims that it should break the automation inertia of customary thought and feeling,deepen and extend the aesthetic experience and feelings toward life and things with the help of the defamiliarization in order to recover the simple and fresh feelings of life.QianZhong-shu was fully acquainted with the theory of defamiliarization of formalism and Chinese archaic rhetoric.Therefore,to pursue the alien effect of novel,he consciously paid much attention to the skill of literary representation when it came to literary creation;paid out much elaboration when it came to literal embellishment.Meanwhile,defamiliarization should be controlled to an appropriate“extent”and established on the base of familiarization,which can bring people aesthetic sense of novelty and stimulation,without causing the reading and understanding impairment which may result in resistant contemplation.更多还原