【摘要】 用超声波法制备了高岭石插层复合物。利用红外光谱、X射线衍射和透射电子显微镜分析了不同产地高岭石结构的差异、插层效果以及它们之间的关系。比较了不同类型插层剂与高岭石的插层产物、插层效果及插层机理。结果表明:相同条件下,多水高岭石(埃洛石)和结构压力大的管状高岭石比普通高岭石更易于插层。在60℃,3h,超声波条件下,将高岭石/二甲基亚砜(dimethylsulphoxide,DMSO)作为媒介,采用两步插层法快速制备高岭石/乙醇前驱体,但DMSO的插层率优于乙醇的。甲醇钠与苏州高岭石作用后,使部分苏州土片层间剥离。更多还原

【Abstract】 A few kinds of kaolinite/organic intercalation compounds were prepared by sonochemistry method.The different structures of kaolinite from different regions,intercalation effects and the relationships between them were analyzed by an infrared spectroscope,X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope.The results show that hydrated kaolinite and halloysite have higher intercala-tion ability for holding high structural stress.The intercalation products,effects and mechanism were also studied under a range of conditions and intercalating agents.The results show that using kaolinite/dimethylsulphoxide as an intermediate,ethanol molecules are intercalated into kaolinite under 60 ℃ for 3 h by sonochemistry method,but the intercalation radio of dimethylsulphoxide is supe-rior to ethanol 43.4%.When sodium methoxide reacted with kaolinite,it grabbed the hydrogen in hydroxy from hydrated kaolinite or halloysite and broke the hydrogen bonds between kaolinite interlayers and lead to exfoliate the partly kaolinite.更多还原