【摘要】 疼痛是一种主观体验,对于无法用语言表述自我感受的新生儿,疼痛评估变得复杂。疼痛经历不仅造成婴儿近期的生理、行为、激素代谢水平的紊乱,还将导致严重的远期后果,造成感知行为和神经功能上的损害。适时、准确地预测评估,积极有效的干预管理不仅促成好的临床结局,还将有效阻断疼痛危害。较理想的方案应采用综合干预的策略,非药物性干预方法与全身或局部的药物镇痛法联合使用,选择适合个体的技巧,适宜的时机,并密切监测毒副反应。近年已经开发出一些可靠性极好的新生儿疼痛评估工具。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pain is subjective. Assessment of pain in neonates is often challenging and further complicated because they cannot verbalize their experience. Pain experiences may be not only associated with physiological,behavioral,biochemical,and hormonal alterations,but may be at a risk of adverse long-term effects on perceiving behavior and even the function of CNS as well. Backed by awareness and sensitivity to pain perception,and comprehensive and ongoing assessment of the variables,a judicious application of effective interventions is likely to yield the best results that the ongoing pain cycle is stopped. The ideal may be to use a combination strategy of non-pharmacological and systemic or local pharmacological interventions,which is individualized ,to provide an adequate analgesia in a proper moment. The adverse reactions and toxic effects of analgesics should be supervised intensively. Measures for assessing pain in infants have been developed and validated in recent years.更多还原