【摘要】 针对北京市面临水资源短缺和水环境污染双重压力的现状,以城区天然降水和5种下垫面上的雨水径流为研究对象,设计了雨水径流采样系统,并通过监测其水质,分析了天然雨水及屋面、道路、绿地径流中污染物浓度的变化特征。研究结果表明,屋面初期径流的NH3-N、高锰酸盐指数及挥发酚等均劣于地表水Ⅴ类水质标准;绿地径流水质虽属Ⅴ类标准,但与Ⅲ类标准相比,仅NH3-N超标;路面初始径流的COD高达493.5 mg/L。舍弃初雨的天然降雨与屋顶径流经适当处理后可用作生活与市政杂用水,对路面径流则不宜进行回用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Shortage of water resource and water environment pollution are serious problems in Beijing,and thus,it is necessary to study the quality of the runoff.Taking natural rainwater and rainwater runoff over five underlying surfaces as research objects,a system sampling the runoff was designed,and the variation characteristics of pollutant concentrations in natural rainwater and runoff from roofs,roads and green land were analyzed by monitoring the water quality.Results indicate that the main contaminants in the runoff are organic compounds and suspended solids.NH₃-N,permanganate index and volatile phenol in the initial runoff from roofs are all beneath the class Ⅴ criteria of surface water.The quality of the runoff from the green land is good except that the content of NH₃-N is higher than the class Ⅲ criteria;The COD from the road surface is up to 493.5 mg/L at the initial stage of the runoff,and it deceases to a lower and stable level with the time increasing of the rainfall.In a conclusion,the natural rainwater and the runoff from roofs can be used for domestic and municipal miscellaneous water except that from the initial stage of the rainfall,while the runoff from the road surface can not be reused directly.更多还原