【摘要】 生态足迹是基于生物生产面积测度区域可持续发展的生物物理方法。利用该方法对宁夏西吉县1978-2003年的生态足迹变化动态进行了分析。该县人均生态足迹由1978年的0.190 5 hm2逐年增加至2003年的0.442 5 hm2,而同期的人均生态承载力则由0.304 4 hm2逐年减少到0.204 7 hm2,生态足迹与生态承载力呈反方向发展趋势。西吉县1978年的生态盈余为0.113 9 hm2,1986年以后开始出现生态赤字,2003年人均生态足迹增至0.237 8 hm2。说明西吉县人口对自然资源的利用逐年增加,目前已超出了自然生态系统的生态承载力范围,生态足迹与生态承载力之间的矛盾加剧,现有的发展模式是不可持续的,生态系统处于不安全状态。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ecological footprint is a biophysical methodology to evaluate regional sustainable development based on biological productive area.This paper analyzes the change of ecological footprint in Xiji County,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region during the period from 1978 to 2003.The results show that the per capita ecological footprint in the county was gradually increased from 0.190 5 hm~2 in 1978 to 0.442 5 hm~2 in 2003,whereas the per capita ecological carrying capacity was decreased from 0.304 4 hm~2 to 0.204 7 hm~2 during the same period,and the per capita ecological footprint and the per capita ecological carrying capacity trended towards the opposite directions in the county.The ecological surplus in the county was 0.113 9 hm~2 in 1978,but the ecological deficit occurred after 1986,and the per capita ecological footprint was increased to 0.237 8 hm~2 in 2003.These reveal that the utilization of natural resources in Xiji County has been increased year by year,which has exceeded the ecological carrying capacity of the natural ecosystems.The contradiction between the ecological footprint and the ecological carrying capacity has become more serious,the traditional development mode is unsustainable,and the ecological environment is currently under insecurity.It can be regarded as the measures of achieving sustainable development to control population growth,accelerate the ecological environment regeneration,protect the cultivated lands and develop the local characteristic industries so as to promote the regional economic development.更多还原