【摘要】 利用1961-2001年石河子地区的气象资料,分析了40 a来气温、降水、日照的变化特征,结果表明:石河子地区的年、冬季、夏季气温总体呈上升趋势,20世纪60-70年代,年、冬季、夏季气温呈降低或不变的趋势,80-90年代气温呈增加趋势,80年代冬季升温比夏季升温明显,而90年代夏季升温比冬季明显;降水总体呈上升趋势,降水增长率为10.6 mm.(10 a)-1,90年代平均降水比30 a均值偏多20.8%;年平均日照时数总体呈下降趋势,但下降趋势不明显,日照时数的减少率为-9.2 h.(10 a)-1。充分表明,石河子地区气候正在趋于暖湿化,日照时数总体变化较为稳定,这对本区发展农牧业具有积极的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Shihezi region(43°26′～45°20′N,84°58′～86°24′E,300～500 m a.s.l.) is located in the middle section of northern piedmont of the Tianshan Mountains and the southern marginal zone of the Gurbantonggut Desert in Xinjiang,and its total area is 7 529 km~2.In the region it belongs to the typical temperate continental arid climate,winter is cold and long but summer is hot and short,and the annual temperature,sunshine duration,frost-free period,precipitation and evaporation vary in ranges of 7.5～8.2 ℃,2 318～2 732 hours,147～191 days,180～270 mm and 1 000～1 500 mm respectively.Irrigated agriculture is dominant in the Shihezi region.Therefore,it is of significance for agricultural development to research the change characteristics of air temperature,precipitation,sunshine duration,etc.In this paper,the change characteristics of air temperature,precipitation,sunshine duration in the Shihezi region since recent 40 years are analyzed based on the meteorological data observed during the period of 1961-2001.The results show that the annual,winter and summer temperatures are generally in an increase trend,they were decreased or stable during the period from the 1960s to the 1970s but increased during the period from the 1980s to the 1990s,the temperature increase was more significant in winter than that in summer in the 1980s,but it was more significant in summer than that in winter in the 1990s;precipitation is generally in an increase trend,its increase rate is 10.6 mm pre decade,and the annual precipitation in the 1990s was increased by 20.8% than the 30-year average;the annual sunshine duration is generally in a decrease trend but not so significant,and its decrease rate is-9.2 hours per decade.The climate in the Shihezi region is trending from warming-drying pattern to warming-wetting pattern,which is advantageous for agricultural development.更多还原