【摘要】 开关元件是脉冲功率系统的核心元件之一,也是主要的技术瓶颈。真空触发开关作为能量的快速关合(释放)开关,是近年来非常有发展潜力脉冲功率开关器件。提出了一种新的场击穿型真空触发开关控制器的研制思路,并通过实验研究,获得控制器的触发能量与触发时延、触发分散性的关系,可以指导高性能真空触发开关控制器的设计与应用。主触发点火回路采用三电极间隙产生陡化的高压触发脉冲,使真空触发开关导通时间的分散性被控制<2μs。触发控制回路采用光发射器和光接收器作执行元件,抗干扰能力增强,消除了级间互扰造成的误触发。光发射器和光接收器之间采用光纤连接,实现高压触发部分和低压控制部分的隔离。控制器的触发能量灵活可调,实验研究表明,真空触发开关的导通时延和时延分散性随控制器提供的触发能量的增加而迅速减小。在触发能量为1.6 J时,导通时延可缩小为15.57μs,时延分散性可达1.358μs。更多还原

【Abstract】 The switch is the key component and the main technical obstruction of the pulsed power system(PPS),which demands the right and reliable action of the sequential energy releasing.Lately,the triggered vacuum switch(TVS) is considered as the most compelling switch in pulsed power system.A novel design for controlling the Field-breakdown triggered vacuum switch is proposed in this paper.A typical triggered pulse generating circuit is put forward herein to get the high voltage triggered pulse which can supply the needed power to trigger the TVS’s closing.However,this triggered pulse has such shortcomings as large delay time and scatters.A high voltage steepened trigger pulse can solve the problem.For the sake of obtaining a high voltage steepened trigger pulse,the three-electrode-gap is used in the main high voltage pulse generating circuit to ensure the accuracy of switching time of triggered vacuum switch within 2 μs.The series of fiber optic transmitters and receivers are used in the trigger signal generating circuit to improve the ability to inhibit interference.Mis-triggering because of mutual interferences among stages is solved in the experiments.Fiber optic is used between transmitters and receivers to insolate the low voltage control unit from the high voltage triggering units.The triggered power of the triggered vacuum switch’s controller can be adjusted flexibly by changing the capacitance and its charged voltage.In order to obtain the Field-breakdown triggered vacuum switch’s delay characteristics,the experimental circuit of TVS is set up and the experiments are launched.The experimental research work implies that the delay time and its scatter obviously decrease with the increase of triggered power.Particularly,the delay time can be 15.57 μs and its scatter can be 1.358 μs when the provided triggered power is 1.6 J.This work can be used to instruct the design of the triggered vacuum switch with high speed and precision performance.更多还原