【摘要】 过共晶Al-Si合金具有较高的强度、较低的密度和热膨胀系数、良好的耐磨性和耐蚀性,在汽车、造船、航空航天及其他制造行业广泛应用。但当合金中Si含量太高时,合金组织粗大、偏析严重,同时材料的强度、塑性急剧降低而失去使用价值。喷射成形技术是一种全新的材料制备技术,具有快速凝固技术的基本特征,同时还具有生产工序简单、氧化和污染小等优点,在国外已经在特殊钢、高温合金、铝合金和铜合金等方面进行了产业化应用。但利用喷射成形技术来制备和生产过共晶Al-Si合金材料还很不成熟,有许多问题还没有得到妥善的解决,作者提出两点建议来进一步改善过共晶Al-Si合金材料的性能:(1)在喷射成形过共晶Al-Si合金中添加微量稀土元素;(2)利用喷射共沉积技术制备过共晶Al-Si合金为基体的纤维增强复合材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 As for higher strength, lower density, lower coefficient of thermal expansion, better wear-resistance an better erosion-resistance, hypereutectic Al-Si alloy is applied widely in the fields of automobile, shipping, navigation and aerospace et al. But it loses the application value when the content of Si is too high, because it has coarse microstructure, heavy segregation, and too low strength and elongation rate. Spray forming is a new kind of produce-materials technology. Because it has the basic feature of rapid solidifacation processing,its procedure is simple, and has little oxidation and pollution, spray forming technology is already applied successfully on the industrialization production of special steel, high-temperature alloy, auminum based and copper based alloy et al in some countries. Many problems are not solved when spray forming is applied on producing hypereutectic Al-Si alloy, the writer puts forward two pieces of suggestion to improve its property: first, adding trace rare earth to spray forming hypereutectic Al-Si alloy; second, using spray co-deposition process to produce fiber reinforced composite based on hypereutectic Al-Si alloy.更多还原