【摘要】 2003年1月-2004年7月运用涡度相关法技术研究青藏高原金露梅(Potentilla fruticosa)灌丛草甸(SWM)和藏嵩草(Kobresia humilis)沼泽化草甸(SRM)的地表通量。结果表明:二者地表湍流通量都具有明显的季节变化和日变化,其中感热通量以4月最大,1月最小,而潜热通量则以5月最大;感热通量随着季节的变动而显著变化,在相同月份中沼泽化草甸白天最大值大于灌丛草甸,日变化振幅比灌丛草甸强;白天潜热通量达到最大值的时间和波动强度因季节不同而各异,在非生长季节白天最大值在13~15 h,日波动较弱,生长季节最大值在12 h,日波动较强;高寒草甸地表湍流通量与温度间存在着线性关系;不同季节感热通量:沼泽化草甸>灌丛草甸,而潜热通量与感热通量各异,在1月沼泽化草甸>灌丛草甸,在4和10月,沼泽化草甸<灌丛草甸,在7月二者基本一致。更多还原

【Abstract】 Eddy covariance technique was used to measure the surface fluxes(sensible flux and latent flux) of a Potentilla fruticosa shrub meadow(SRM) and a Kobresia humilis swamp meadow(SWM) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau from January 2003 to July 2004.Results show that the surface fluxes had been recorded with significant diurnal and seasonal variations.Among them,April saw the highest monthly sensible flux,and January the lowest,while the latent fluxes maximum appeared in May.Diurnal sensible flux amplitude significantly changed with season alternations.Within the same month,the maximal diurnal sensible flux of the K.humilis shrub meadow was higher than that of the P.fruticosa swamp meadow,and the diurnal amplitude of the former excelled that of the latter.Different seasons also altered the time in which the diurnal latent flux and the amplitude vibration force reaching the peaks During the plant dormant season,the maximal diurnal sensible flux appeared between 1∶00 pm to 3∶00 pm and the diurnal amplitude was weak.During the plant growing seasons,the maximal diurnal sensible fluxes occurred in midday,12∶00 am,with strong diurnal amplitude.There exists a linearity or exponential relationship between surface fluxes and air temperature in the two meadows.The responses of the P.fruticosa shrub meadow latent flux to temperature were stronger than those of the K.humilis swamp meadow.each month.The responses of the shrub meadow sensible flux to temperature were stronger than those of the swamp meadow in January.It was the reverse in April and October.In July,the response of sensible flux to temperature of the two was similar.更多还原