【摘要】 2004年7月到2005年6月在达赉湖自然保护区收集狼(Canis lupus)的粪便,采用粪便分析法研究食性的季节性变化。由于野生有蹄类动物严重匮乏,家畜已成为该地区狼的主要食物:草青期的频率为74.7%,相对生物量达到94.4%;草枯期的频率为67.6%,相对生物量达到91.8%。该地区的家畜主要有绵羊、山羊、牛和马,狼食性的季节性变化主要与家畜的放牧方式有关。兔类和小型啮齿类动物是狼次要选择的食物。该地区鸟类资源丰富,是狼较稳定的食物(草青期6.2%,草枯期7.8%)。为降低该地区狼对家畜的捕食,建议管理部门合理控制狼的数量,引入牧羊犬及加强对牛、马的管理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Seasonal diet of Wolves(Canis lupus)in the Dalaihu Natural Reserve were checked by analyzing scats collected in two years from July 2004 to June 2005.Livestock became the major food source of Wolves due to the less abundant of wild ungulate.Frequency of undigested livestock’s parts appeared in wolf scats was 74.7% during the period of plant growing and the relative biomass of livestock preyed by Wolves reached as high as 94.4%.When plant is withering,67.6% of items in the scats were consisted of livestock and the relative biomass of livestock was estimated 91.8%.Sheep,goat,cattle and horse were the mostly food items of Wolves in the local area.Our study suggested that most seasonal difference in the Wolf’s diets were influenced by the change of herding patterns.Hare and small rodents were the secondary preys of Wolf.Birds were also found in the Wolf scats(frequency was 6.2% and 7.8% during plant growing period,and withering period).Other food items appeared in Wolf’s diets were insects,plant and kitchen garbage.To reduce the killings of Wolves and livestock losses,we recommend to monitor and control the population size of Wolves,and introducing dogs to provide guarding for domestic cattle and horse.更多还原