【摘要】 乙酰胆碱脂酶(AChE)组织化学定位方法常用于研究动物的神经系统,但迄今未见水螅AChE分布定位的相关报道。本文使用免疫细胞化学、组织化学和亚甲基蓝活染方法,探索AChE、NPY类似物在水螅上的连续分布状态,对阳性标本进行内胚层、外胚层人工分离手术,并与亚甲基蓝染色结果进行比较。本文首次成功地在水螅上定位出AChE,展示了AChE、NPY类似物在水螅上的分布特点。AChE定位在水螅体柱和触手基部外胚层的近外表,呈网状结构,正常水螅上没有发现明显的阳性神经细胞,外胚层表面受损部位内有阳性神经细胞,我们认为是一种临时的生理现象。成熟刺丝囊的刺针内有AChE+产物。NPY免疫组织化学反应(NPYIR)在水螅外胚层近外表处上均有分布,呈网状结构。垂唇和近基盘处NPYIR最强,NPYIR神经细胞仅存在于垂唇和近基盘处的外胚层基部。刺丝囊分化、发育初期NPYIR较强。随刺丝囊发育成熟而逐渐减弱。最后,进行了分析和比较,认为NPY、AChE来源于上皮细胞。水螅刺丝囊的分化和发育与NPY的作用密切相关;刺丝囊发射刺丝的机理与胆碱能的作用可能有联系更多还原

【Abstract】 The immunohistochemical location of AChE was often used to study the nervous system of Platyhelminthes, but distribution of AChE in Hydra pseudoligactis remains poorly understood. Our experiment was undertaken to study the location and distribution of AchE,NPY in Hydra pseudoligactis by immunohistochemical staining, histochemical staining and methylene blue staining in vivo. The positive sample was separated between ectoderm and endoderm. We found that AChE existed in Hydra pseudoligactis and our work revealed the three-dimensional distribution of AChE and NPY firstly. The results showed that AChE was distributed in ectoderm of the body column and tentacle in a reticular structure where AChE positive cells weren’t observed. AChE positive substance was stained in stenotele. NPY-IR substance also was detected in ectoderm of Hydra pseudoligactis in a reticular structure. The deepest NPY-IR staining was observed in the Hypostome and pedal disk. NPY-IR positive cells were located at the base of the ectoderm in the Hypostome and pedal disk. The strong NPY-IR occurred in early development and differentiation of stenotele,holotrichous isorhiza,atrichous isorhiza and desmoneme, and NPY-IR staining gradually weakened with maturation of the nematocyst. In conclusion, the current work has shown that NPY and AChE may originate from epithelial cells, the distribution of NPY, AChE have a close relation with behavior, regeneration and morphogenesis of Hydra pseudoligactis, NPY plays a role in development and differentiation of nematocyst, and ACh may function in emission of nematocyst.更多还原