【摘要】 为了降低土地整理对生态系统影响的负面效应,提出了生态补偿的经济措施、社会措施和生态措施。结合国家投资土地整理重点项目的规划设计,重点讨论了土地整理生态补偿的生态措施,主要通过农地平整工程设计、道路工程设计、农田灌排工程设计的生态学方法及生态边界设计等来实现。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper is aimed to present the authors’ investigation and research on the effect of the regional land consolidation on the ecosystem and the ways for its compensation.As is known,human beings have to obtain essential ecological products and ecological services from the ecosystem so as to meet the needs of their own survival and development.And it is inevitable for their production and survival activities to bring about necessary changes and transformation of their habitats on the Earth.However,to a great extent,such activities depend on the ecological environment itself and may lead to the different negative and positive effects on the ecosystems too.One of such activities of human beings is the land consolidation,which is by nature an anthropocentric disturbance to the ecosystem,actually drives the regional land use and landscape change,as well as the changes of the structures and functions of the regional ecosystem.Land consolidation usually takes place in the form of the change of landscape patterns,that of biogeochemistric cycles,as well as that of biodiversity.In order to reduce the negative effects of land consolidation,this paper has come up with some necessary economic measures,social measures and ecological measures to compensate for the ecological loss in the land consolidation.For this purpose,in view of economic,social and ecological benefits,the authors of this paper,combined with the targeted Honghua project of land consolidation,put forward the following approaches and methods of ecological compensation: 1) ecological measures in design of farmland leveling projects;2) ecological measures in road planning;3) ecological measures in planning irrigation and drainage projects;4) ecological measures in planning of ecological boundaries projects.The results of the present case study show that the ecological disturbance is unavoidable from the land consolidation as well as other human activities,however,proper measures of ecological compensation can help to diminish the negative effects of anthropocentric disturbance.更多还原